NSG 122 Exam 1 - Questions and Answers

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NSG 122 Exam 1 - Questions and Answers Types of research - quantitative (involves numbers, measurements, statistics) - qualitative (involves language, words, interviews) Types of quantitative resear ... ch - descriptive (events in real-life situations to describe relationships) - correlational (relationship between 2 or more variables) - quasi-experimental (cause & effect between selected variables typically outside of a laboratory) - experimental (cause & effect between variables in highly controlled environment, typically in a laboratory) Steps of quantitative research - state the research problem - define the purpose of the study - review related literature - formulate hypotheses and variables - select the research design - select the population and sample - collect the data - analyze the data - communicate findings and conclusions Dependent variable variable that is measured in research (outcome) Independent variable variable that is manipulated in research (intervention) What is evidence based practice? - problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions - blends science and art of nursing - mandates analysis and review of research findings Steps of evidence based practice (EBP) - Cultivate a spirit of inquiry - Ask the burning clinical question in PICOT format - Search for and collect the most relevant best evidence - Critically appraise the evidence (i.e., rapid critical appraisal, evaluation, and synthesis) - Integrate the best evidence with one's clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making practice decision or change - Evaluate outcomes of the practice decision or change based on evidence - Disseminate the outcomes of the EBP decision or change PICOT question format - population/patient/problem of interest - intervention - comparison - outcome - time Ex: For a patient in intensive care, does using an alcohol swab compared to a chlorhexidine swab lessen blood infections over a 3-month period? Quality improvement systematic and continuous process that leads to measurable improvements in the healthcare setting 4 sources of law - Constitutional Law - Statutory Law - Administrative Law - Common Law Types of law - public (regulates relationship between people and government, ex: HIPAA, tax laws) - criminal (part of public law, relates to state and federal criminal statutes, ex: murder) - private (civil, regulates relationship between people, ex: malpractice) What is a tort? a wrong committed against a person or person's property Assault threat or attempt to injure Battery unlawful touching of another person without consent Intentional tort examples - assault - battery - defamation of character (slander - spoken, libel - written) - invasion of privacy - false imprisonment - fraud Unintentional tort examples - negligence - malpractice 4 elements of liability (proof of malpractice) - duty (what would a reasonable nurse do in the situation) - breach of duty (failure to meet standard of care) - causation (proof failure to meet standard of care actually caused injury) - damages (actual harm or injury to the patient) [Show More]

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