CLINICAL CASE STUDY PROJECT 2022

CLINICAL CASE STUDY PROJECT Instructions: 1. Answer each question briefly and completely. Use complete sentences. Avoid jargons and unconventional abbreviations 2. All microorganisms subject of this assignment have ...

CLINICAL CASE STUDY PROJECT Instructions: 1. Answer each question briefly and completely. Use complete sentences. Avoid jargons and unconventional abbreviations 2. All microorganisms subject of this assignment have been covered in the lecture notes, lecture presentations, and required reading contents posted in Canvas. FOR EACH CASE STUDY, YOU MUST CHOOSE ONE OF THE INFECTIOUS AGENTS DISCUSSED IN THE COURSE. 3. Each clinical case is caused by one species, but there are possibilities that two different cases may be caused by the same species. 4. You will need the lecture notes, lecture presentations, and the contents of the required readings from exam two, exam three, and exam four. You need exam two contents to answer questions related to serological techniques. Exam four contents are needed to answer virology questions, as there are THREE (3) virology questions. There are NO cases of Parasitic or Fungal infections. 5. Information related to this assignment can also be found in our textbook, Murray’s Medical Microbiology 7th or 8th. You do not need other internet resources to answer these questions. Do not cut and paste quotes and phrases from textbook or other internet sources into your document. 6. There are 20 questions and each question is worth 4 points, with total of 80 points. 7. This assignment is worth 20% of your final grade (count as an exam). 8. This is an open book project and you directly enter your response via the assignment posted on Canvas. 9. ANSWER EACH QUESTION IN THE ORDER STATED IN THE QUESTION (1, 2, 3…) THERE IS 0.5 DEDUCTION FOR NOT FOLLOWING THE ORDER 10. Prepare a WORD document for your responses, and then copy and paste them into the assignment in Canvas. 11. You will have unlimited and unrestricted access to this assignment till the due date. DO NOT PRESS SUBMIT UNTILL YOU ARE DONE AND READY TO SUBMIT YOUR WORK. THIS ACTION IS IRREVERSIBLE. This assignment opens on June 6th, and it is due by midnight Monday June 18th. Absolutely no late submission is accepted. 1. A 20-year old male student is brought by his girlfriend to the emergency department of a local hospital. Upon physical examination, the patient is found obtunded, has a temperature of 39 o C, a blood pressure of 104/52 mm Hg, and a heart rate of 148 bpm. He has a stiff neck and generalized petechial rash with two areas of purpura. CSF is collected. The opening pressure is 180 mm H2O. WBC’s 4300/mm3 with 91% neutrophils, glucose is 10 mg/dl, and protein is 755 mg/dl. A gram stain and culture of CSF is performed, with Gram stain indicating Gram negative cocci. 1. Which organism is most likely responsible for this patient? 1. The causative agent for this case study is Neisseria meningitidis. 2. Explain your answer and list the characteristics given above that drive you to your chosen answer. 1. Based off the age of the student one can assume he is a college student and has contracted a meningitis infection either through Neisseria meningitides or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Gram staining of CSF result is more consistent with N. meningitidis. Symptoms of stiff neck, petechial rash and purpura is consistent with this organism with the development of inflamed spinal meninges (meningococcemia). 2. A 6-month-old girl is taken to emergency department in January suffering from profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. She has had a low-grade fever for 48 hours and appears to be dehydrated. The suspected cause of the diarrhea is an icosahedral virus that has a double capsid and a doublestranded RNA genome. Which virus caused this disease? Is there a vaccine available for this infection? Explain your answer. -Based on the timeframe, profuse watery diarrhea, low-grade fever and age the patient is infected with Rotavirus. This virus is a frequent cause of childhood diarrhea that can lead to death due to dehydration because of the excessive diarrhea and vomiting experiences. Rotavirus is a icosahedral, double capsule, double-stranded RNA virus that fits the description mentioned above. There are two currently available vaccines for the specific viral infection. 3. Approximately 4 h after eating at a family picnic, three people develop nausea and abdominal cramps, followed by severe diarrhea and vomiting shortly after the onset of the initial symptoms. None of them had fever. Within 24 h, the ill family members have recovered from their illness. 1. Which toxin is most likely responsible for this illness? 1. Staphylococcal enterotoxin type A 2. What type of toxin is this? 1. Preformed, Heat-stable, enterotoxin 4. 6-year old Jane has been in and out of doctor’s office for the last six month. She has been suffering from a recurring otitis media and has been on antibiotics most of this time. Several days ago her mother took her to the pediatrician for diarrhea. The pediatrician prescribed new antibiotic, electrolytes, oral rehydration, and send her home. Her condition worsened over time. She was rushed to the emergency department suffering from nausea, bloody diarrhea, and abdominal cramping and pain. The attending doctor collected stool sample and send it for laboratory analysis. She immediately discontinued the use of antibiotics and prescribed electrolytes and oral rehydration. She says she suspect colitis, but she will take proper action once she receives the laboratory analysis of the stool sample?