W4 Sensory Perception Lecture 7.23.18 SH STUDENT

Sensory Perception Chapter 38 Prof. Stefanie Haynes MSN, FNP-C NUR 216 Learning Objectives • Describe factors influencing sensory perception • Discuss factors which place pts at risk for sensory alterations ...

Sensory Perception Chapter 38 Prof. Stefanie Haynes MSN, FNP-C NUR 216 Learning Objectives • Describe factors influencing sensory perception • Discuss factors which place pts at risk for sensory alterations • Describe how to assess a pt’s sensory-perceptual function • Identify clinical signs of sensory deprivation or overload • Develop nursing diagnosis for sensory impairments • Discuss nursing interventions to maintain sensory function How do we receive sensory input? Sensory Perception • Processing stimuli through our senses • Why is sensing stimuli basic to human functioning? • What are some ways you think people with sensory alterations learn to make adaptations? Sensory Perception Question: • How might you think stress and lack of rest/sleep effect sensory perception? States of Awareness • Full consciousness Alert: oriented to time, place person; understands verbal and written words • Disoriented Not oriented to time, place, or person • Confused Reduced awareness, easily bewildered, poor memory, misinterprets stimuli, impaired judgement • Somulent Extreme drowsiness but will still respond to stimuli • Semicomatose Can be aroused by extreme or repeated stimuli • Coma* Will not respond to verbal stimuli; *refer to Glascow Coma Scale table 30-10 in Chapter 30 Characteristics of Normal Sensory Perception Special & Somatic Senses • Normal vision is 20/20, full field of vision, & red, green, and blue tri-color vision • Acuity of sounds at 0-25dB, at frequencies of 125-8,000 cycles per second • Ability to discriminate sour, salty, sweet, & bitter tastes • Discrimination of primary odors • Discrimination of touch, pressure, vibration, position, tickling, temperature, & pain Factors Affecting Sensory Perception • Environment • Previous Experience • Lifestyle & habits: occupation, structure • Illness • Medications • Variations in Stimuli • Developmental Stage • Stress • Culture: touching, symbols, acceptable “normal” level of stimulation Sensory Overload What is Sensory Overload? Sensory Overload • Person is unable to process or manage the amount or intensity of stimuli they are receiving • Three factors: • Increased quantity or quality of internal stimuli • Pain, dyspnea, anxiety • Increased quantity or quality of external stimuli • Noisy setting, intrusive diagnosis tic studies, contacts with strangers • Inability to disregard stimuli selectively as a result of medications or neuro impairment Sensory Overload • Person may not be able to make sense of the environment • Normal signs and sounds overload/overwhelm them Clinical Manifestations of Sensory Overload • c/o fatigue, sleeplessness • Irritability, anxiety, restlessness • Periodic general disorientation • Reduced problem solving ability and task performance • Increased muscle tension • Scattered attention and racing thoughts • Feel overwhelmed, out of control Risk Factors for Sensory Overload • Room close to nurses' station • ICU setting – ICU psychosis • Bright lights • Use of ventilator • Use of EKG monitor • Use of oxygen • Use of IV’s • Tubes & wires • Roommate • Frequent procedures Sensory Deprivation What is Sensory Deprivation? Sensory Deprivation • Decrease in meaningful stimuli • Pt becomes more aware of remaining few stimuli and over-reacts or abnormally reacts to them • Alterations in perception, cognition, and emotion .........................................................................................continued...........................................................................................