Loss of Pigment in Hair/Skin Wrinkling of Skin
Thinning of Epidermis, Easy Bruising & Tearing of Skin Decreased Skin Turgor, Elasticity, & Subcutaneous Fat Increased Nail Thickness & Decreased Nail Growth Decreased Pers
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Loss of Pigment in Hair/Skin Wrinkling of Skin
Thinning of Epidermis, Easy Bruising & Tearing of Skin Decreased Skin Turgor, Elasticity, & Subcutaneous Fat Increased Nail Thickness & Decreased Nail Growth Decreased Perspiration
Dry, itchy, scaly skin
Seborrhic dematitis & keratosis formation (overgrowth & thickening of skin)
-Neurological System
Slowed reflexes
Slight tremors & difficulty with fine motor movement Loss of balance
Increased incidence of awakening after sleep onset Increased susceptibility to hypothermia & hyperthermia Short-term memory decline possible
Long-term memory usually maintained
-Musculoskeletal System
Decreased muscle mass & strength
Decreased mobility, range of motion, flexibility, coordination, & stability Change of gait, with shortened step and wider base
Posture and stature changes causing a decrease in height Increased brittleness of the bones
Deterioration of joint capsule components
Kyphosis of the dorsal spine (increased convexity in the curvature)
-Cardiovascular System
Diminished energy and endurance, with lowered tolerance to exercise
Decreased compliance of the heart muscle, with valves becoming thicker & more rigid Decreased cardiac output and decreased efficiency of blood return to the heart Decreased compensatory response, so less able to respond to increased demands on the
cardiovascular system Decreased resting heart rate Weak periphreal pulses
Increased blood pressure but susceptibility to postural hypotension
-Respiratory System
Decreased stretch and compliance of the chest wall Decreased strength and function of respiratory muscles Decreased size & number of alveoli
Decreased depth of respirations and oxygen intake but not respiratory rate Decreased ability to cough and expectorate sputum
-Hematological System
Hemoglobin and Hematocrit average levels toward low end of normal Prone to increased blood clotting
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