Non-compliant patients
Neurotransmitters- are chemical messengers that allow signals to cross synapses to
transmit information from a nerve cell or neuron to a target cell. Nerve transmitters
coordinate behavor
...
Non-compliant patients
Neurotransmitters- are chemical messengers that allow signals to cross synapses to
transmit information from a nerve cell or neuron to a target cell. Nerve transmitters
coordinate behavor by stiulating an action or inhibiting an impulse. Example of
neurotransmitters: dopamine. Used by the brain to help regulate breathing,
heartbeat, and digestion. It can also affect concentration, sleep, and mood.
Neurons- have many sizes, lengths, and shapes that determine their function based
on where they are in the brain; and are the cells of chemical communication in the
brain. Human brains are comprised of tens of billions of neurons, and each is linked
to thousands of other neurons. Thus, the brain has trillions of specialized
connections known as synapses. * The anatomically addressed brain is thus a
complex wiring diagram, ferrying electrical impulses to wherever the “wire” is
plugged in (synapses). **When neurons malfunction behavioral symptoms may
occur. When drugs alter neuronal function, behavioral symptoms may be relieved,
worsened, or produced. Neurons are some of the longest-lived cells in your body;
neurons are irreplaceable, and neurons have huge appetites (glucose and appetites).
Neurons transit signals when stimulated by sensory input or triggered by
neighboring neurons.
Gene Expression
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme System
Pharmacokinetics- the way the body does to the drug.
Mechanisms of receptors including:
G-Protein linked receptors- (see notes)
nicotine cholinergic
Serotonin- present in the brain and digestive tract; inhibitory neurotransmitter has
been identified as an important factor in mood, depression, anxiety, sleep,
emotions, and regulation in appetite and temperature. Serotonin imbalances are
involved in depression, impulse behavior, sleep, and emotional disorders.
Dopamine- functions as both an inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter; critical
for memory and motor skills. (Behavior, learning, sleep, mood, focus, attention,
immune health, and pleasurable rewards). Ex: excessive amounts are linked to
schizophrenia- a long term psych disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the
relation between thought, emotion, and behavior; also linked to addictive or
impulsive behaviors.
Norepinephrine- widely distributed throughout the body, acts as a neuromodulatory optimizing brain performance; as part of the bodies flight or fight
response, it quickly provides an accurate assessment of danger or stressful
situations. Obsessive amounts of this chemical, especially when no actual danger
exists can lead to anxious and hyperactive.
Epinephrine- widely known as adrenaline; is both a neurotransmitter and hormone
that is essential to metabolism, attention, focus, stress, fear, anger, panic, and
excitement. Abnormal levels of epinephrine are linked to sleep disorders, anxiety,
hypertension, and lowered immunity.
Acetylcholine- this widely distributed excitatory neurotransmitter was the 1st to be
identified, and triggers voluntary muscle contraction, controls heartbeat, and
stimulates hormones; enables muscle action, learning, and memory; research
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