AANP-FNP exam 81 Questions with Answers,100% CORRECT

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AANP-FNP exam 81 Questions with Answers Hegar's sign - CORRECT ANSWER Softening of lower uterine segment Chadwick's sign - CORRECT ANSWER Bluish color of cervix and vagina at 6-8 weeks Goodel ... l's sign - CORRECT ANSWER Softening of cervix at 4+ weeks Lipids in chronic inactivity - CORRECT ANSWER Low HDL Lipids in under- or untreated hypothyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated total cholesterol, TG, and LDL Lipids in chronic renal insufficiency - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated total cholesterol and TG Lipids in alcohol abuse - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated TG, HDL, and LDL Vaccines with live attenuated viruses - CORRECT ANSWER MMR, varicella, flu-mist(intranasal), Zostavax Drugs of choice for abdominal infection - CORRECT ANSWER Beta lactams + metronidazole (most common); fluoroquinolones Drugs of choice for urinary tract infection - CORRECT ANSWER Fluoroquinolones (except moxi), TMP-SMX, fluconazole, b-lactams, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin if pt has many allergies Drugs of choice for pulmonary infections - CORRECT ANSWER Macrolides, resp fluoroquinolones, b-lactams, doxycycline (MRSA, atypical coverage) Drugs of choice for skin and soft tissue infections - CORRECT ANSWER MRSA: TMP-SMZ, doxycycline, clindamycin; b-lactams Drugs of choice for MRSA - CORRECT ANSWER Vancomycin, daptomycin , linezolid, TMP-SMZ, doxycycline, ceftaroline Macrolide drugs - CORRECT ANSWER Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin Macrolide AEs - CORRECT ANSWER GI, QT prolongation Tetracycline uses - CORRECT ANSWER MRSA, rocky mtn spotted fever, atypicals (mycoplasma pneumonia, chlamydia), spirochetes (Lyme), h.pylori Tetracycline AEs - CORRECT ANSWER GI, teeth, hepatic dysfunction, photosensitivity Fluoroquinolone drugs - CORRECT ANSWER Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin Fluoroquinolone uses - CORRECT ANSWER UTI (cipro or levo), atypicals (mycoplasma, legionella) Fluoroquinolones and dairy or vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER Take 2 hrs before or 4 hours after (decrease concentrations) Metronidazole (Flagyl) uses - CORRECT ANSWER C. Diff, vaginitis Metronidazole AEs - CORRECT ANSWER GI, peripheral neuropathy, disulfiram reaction Nitrofurantoin uses - CORRECT ANSWER UTI -not pyelonephritis due to no systemic absorption Nitrofurantoin AEs, contraindications - CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary fibrosis, contraindicated in CrCl <60 (excludes many elderly) Aminoglycoside drugs - CORRECT ANSWER Gentamycin, tobramycin Aminoglycoside uses - CORRECT ANSWER Atypical coverage, resistant infections, tobramycin for CF only Aminoglycoside AEs - CORRECT ANSWER Ototoxicity (irreversible), nephrotoxicity (reversible) Aminoglycoside monitoring - CORRECT ANSWER Renal dose adjust, hearing test, drug level monitoring Antifungals (azoles) - CORRECT ANSWER Fluconazole, itraconazole Itraconazole interactions - CORRECT ANSWER Acid suppressive therapies Fluconazole dose adjust - CORRECT ANSWER Renal Antifungal AEs - CORRECT ANSWER GI, QTc prolongation (fluconazole) Antifungal drug interactions - CORRECT ANSWER QT prolongation meds, warfarin Anti-infectives not for pregnant - CORRECT ANSWER Tetracyclines, TMP-SMZ TMP-SMZ coverage - CORRECT ANSWER G+, G-, MRSA, Protozoa (toxoplasma gondii), fungus (pneumocystis jirovecii), poor anaerobic activity TMP-SMZ AEs - CORRECT ANSWER Sulfa allergy, photosensitivity, hematologic (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia) TMP-SMZ on renal function - CORRECT ANSWER Dose adjust in renal impairment, false elevation in serum Cr TMP-SMZ drug interactions - CORRECT ANSWER Warfarin Gram + only coverage - CORRECT ANSWER Clindamycin, linezolid, vancomycin, daptomycin Gram - only - CORRECT ANSWER Monobactams (aztreonam), penicillin VK Gram +/- - CORRECT ANSWER PCN (aminopcn, ext. spectrum), carbapenams, aminoglycosides, TMP-SMZ, fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin Head growth in first year of life - CORRECT ANSWER Total 12cm Head growth 0-3mo - CORRECT ANSWER 6cm Head growth 4-6mo - CORRECT ANSWER 3cm Head growth 6-12mo - CORRECT ANSWER 3cm Head growth 2-7yo - CORRECT ANSWER 0.5cm/yr Head growth 8-12yo - CORRECT ANSWER 0.3cm/yr Tumor grading: T0 - CORRECT ANSWER No evidence of primary tumor Tumor grading: T1 - CORRECT ANSWER 2 cm or less in greatest dimension Tumor grading: T2 - CORRECT ANSWER >2-5cm Tumor grading: T3 - CORRECT ANSWER >5cm Chvostek sign - CORRECT ANSWER Hypocalcemia, spasm when tap facial nerve Trousseau sign - CORRECT ANSWER Hypocalcemia, spasm when compress brachial artery w/ BP cuff Myocardial ischemia EKG changes - CORRECT ANSWER Inverted T wave, T wave depression Myocardial injury EKG changes, - CORRECT ANSWER ST segment elevation, tall peaked t wave Myocardial infarction EKG changes - CORRECT ANSWER Q wave 1st gen antihistamines - CORRECT ANSWER Diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine 2nd gen antihistamines - CORRECT ANSWER Loratadine, desloratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, levocetirazine Ishihara chart - CORRECT ANSWER Test for color blindness Scarlet fever presentation - CORRECT ANSWER Sandpaper-like rash, exudative pharyngitis, localized anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, rash 2 days after pharyngitis then peels later Roseola (HHV-6) presentation - CORRECT ANSWER Rash lasts hours to 3 days, follows 3-7 day high fever, sometimes febrile seizures, tx supportive Rubella (German measles, rubella virus) - CORRECT ANSWER Mild sx, posterior and postauricular cervical lymphadenopathy, arthralgia 5-10 days before rash, teratogenic, contagious 1 week before and 2 weeks after rash Measles (rubeola) - CORRECT ANSWER Acute presentation, generalized lymphadenopathy, photophobia, koplik spots, pharyngitis mild w/o exudate, rash 3-4 days after sx, contagious 1 wk before and 2-3 weeks after rash, permanent neuro impairment and/or death possible, tx supportive Hand foot mouth dz (coxsackievirus a16) - CORRECT ANSWER Fever, malaise, sore mouth, anorexia, lesions, fecal-oral or droplet, highly contagious 2-6 wks, tx supportive Fifth disease (human parvovirus b19) - CORRECT ANSWER Rash starts on face (slapped cheek) spreads to trunk, extremities, contagious before rash but not during or after. Droplet. Leukopenia. Hydrops fetalis in pregnant. Tx supportive. Infectious mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr) - CORRECT ANSWER Diffuse lymphadenopathy, hepatic and splenic tenderness/ enlargement, incubation 20-50 days, systemic corticosteroids if resp distress from swollen airway, monospot/leukopenia w/ atypical lymphocytes diagnostic. Avoid contact sports at least one month. Kawasaki disease - CORRECT ANSWER Acute phase: fever >= 104 >= 5 days, polymorphous exanthem on trunk/flexor region/perineum, erythema of oral cavity (strawberry tongue), chapped lips, bilateral conjunctivitis w/o discharge, edema/erythema of hands and feet w peeling skin. Children 1-8yr. Tx IV immunoglobulin, pop aspirin, consult Lyme stage 1 (early localized disease) - CORRECT ANSWER Mild flu-like illness, singular annular lesion (erythema migrans), sx resolve 3-4 wks w/o tx Lyme stage 2 (early disseminated) - CORRECT ANSWER Months after initial infx, classic rash may reappear w/ multiple lesions. Arthralgias, myalgia, HA, fatigue. Less common: heart block, neuro findings (Bell's palsy) Lyme stage 3 (late persistent) - CORRECT ANSWER 1 year after initial infection, msk s/s persist w/ joint pain, frank arthritis, joint damage. Neuropsychiatric findings - memory problems, depression, neuropathy. Lyme organism - CORRECT ANSWER B. burgdorferri (tick-transmitted spirochete) Lyme testing - CORRECT ANSWER ELISA confirmed with western blot Lyme tx - CORRECT ANSWER Doxycycline (children >8yo), amoxicillin, cefuroxime - adults and children Chancroid tx - CORRECT ANSWER Azithromycin or ceftriaxone, alt. ciprofloxacin or erythromycin Genital herpes (HSV 2) tx - CORRECT ANSWER Acyclovir Lymphogranuloma vereneum (c. trachomatis) tx - CORRECT ANSWER Doxycycline, or erythromycin Nongonococcal urethritis/cervicitis (c. Trachomatis) tx - CORRECT ANSWER Azithromycin or doxycycline Gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis tx - CORRECT ANSWER Cefixime or ceftriaxone, add azithromycin or doxy if chlamydia not ruled out Bacterial vaginosis tx - CORRECT ANSWER Metronidazole Pelvic inflammatory disease tx - CORRECT ANSWER Ceftriaxone+doxycycline +/- metronidazole Trichomoniasis tx - CORRECT ANSWER Metronidazole [Show More]

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