The OSI model questions and answers 100% pass

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The OSI model questions and answers 100% pass what is the OSI model and why is it important in understanding network ✔✔*OSI model is a concept way that is broken down into segments that discuss ... the complex process of sending data over the network. *understanding the model is important because its a widely used model that talks about network communication. what are the advantages of using a theoretical model to describe networking ? ✔✔* it give a common language and reference point for network professionals. * It divides networking task into logical layers that are easy to understand. * has different features at different levels * Easier to troubleshooting *promotes standards of interoperability (healthcare) networks and devices what is the name Of layer 3 in the OSI model ? layer 5? ✔✔*Layer 3 is called Network * Layer 5 is called Session which Osl model layers typically correspond to the network architecture? ✔✔The physical Layer How does the session ID differ from the port number ? ✔✔*Session ID keep data streams separate. * Port numbers identifies the process of where a network message should be forwarded on a server. At which OSI model layer would YOU find a frame? ✔✔Data link layer (2) what is the difference between connectionless and Connection-oriented services? ✔✔Difference between Connection oriented service and Connectionless service 1.In connection oriented service authentication is needed while connectionless service does not need any authentication. 2.Connection oriented protocol makes a connection and checks whether message is received or not and sends again if an error occurs connectionless service protocol does not guarantees a delivery. 3.Connection oriented service is more reliable than connectionless service. 4.Connection oriented service interface is stream based and connectionless is message based. Limitation of OSI Model ✔✔* The layer models are a concept and don't actually perform functions *some function do not spread across to other layers * industry rarely have correspondence with the layers 7. Application 6. Presentation 5. Session 4. Transport 3. Network 2. Data link 1. Physical ✔✔1. Physical 2. Data Link 3. Network 4.Transport 5.Session 6. Presentation 7.Application Application (layer 7) ✔✔combines network functionality into the host(device) OS and enable network services. Presentation(Layer 6) ✔✔formats data into compatible form for receiving by the application layer or the destination center * This layer ensures formatting and translation of data between systems * converting character sets to the correct format * Enclose data into a message envelope by encryption and compression. * Restoration of data by decryption and decompression. Session(Layer 5) ✔✔the session layer manages the session in the way that data is transferred *manage multiple sessions (each client connect is called a session) A server can manage thousands of sessions. * it manages by setting up, maintenance , and tearing down of communication sessions. Transport(Layer 4) ✔✔The transport layer provides a transition b/w the upper and lower layers of the OSI model (function include the following below) * End-to-end flow control *port and socket numbers *Segmentation, sequencing, and combinations *connecting services(connection-oriented) or (connectionless) delivery data Data at the transport layer is referred to as ✔✔Segments Network(Layer3) ✔✔this layer describes data is traces or routed across the network and on to the destination (functions are) * Identifying host and networks by using logical address *Maintaining a list of known networks and neighboring routers. * determines where the next access point to where the data should be sent. Data at the network layer is referred to as ✔✔packets Routers ✔✔use a routing protocol pays attention to the hops in paths ,link speed, and link reliability Data Link (layer 2) ✔✔this link defines the rules and procedures for host as they access the physical layer. (The Define procedures) * How host on the network are identified (physical or MAC address) * How and when devices transmit on the network medium *How to verify that the data received from the physical layer are error free(Parity CRC) *How devices control the rate of data transmission between hosts (flow Control) Data in the data link layer is referred to as ✔✔Frames Physical (layer 1) ✔✔This layer set standards for sending and receiving electrical signals between devices. *protocols are identified at this layer: * How digital data (bits) are converted to electrical pulses, radio waves, or pulses of light. *Specifications for cables and connectors Data at the physical layer is referred to as ✔✔bits TCP/IP model ✔✔includes the general concepts and structure of the OSI model. TCP/IP model layers ✔✔1. Application 2.Host-to-Host 3.Internet 4. Network Access TCP/IP (Application) ✔✔this layer corresponds to the session , presentation, and Application layer of the OSI model TCP/IP (Host-to-Host) ✔✔this layer is comparable to the transport layer *it is responsible for error checking and reliable packet delivery . * data stream is broken in to segments that must be assign sequence numbers so they can reform correctly on the remote side after they are transported. * TCP(transport control layer ) and UDP(User Datagram protocol) are included in this layer TCP/IP(Internet) ✔✔This layer is similar to the network layer *Its responsible for moving packets *Address host and make routing decision to identify how packets move across the network. * This layer protocols include ARP(address resolution protocol), ICMP (internet control messages protocol) and , IGMP (Internet group management protocol) TCP/IP(Network Access) ✔✔This layer corresponds to the physical and data link layer * Its responsible for explaining the physical layout of the network and how messages are formatted on the transmission medium. 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