NEHA, Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+

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NEHA, Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+ Haemophilus influenzae type B - ✔✔-this is the most common cause of meningitis in children over one month of age Person to pers ... on transfer of cyst from feces of the infected individual - ✔✔-How is "giardiasis" USUALLY transmitted to others? Regulatory responsibilities - ✔✔-Which of the following duties of state and local health agencies is intended to ensure that the public's health and warfare are protected? Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTUs) - ✔✔-is a measure of the amount of light scattered by particles suspended in a water test sample epidemic - ✔✔-the occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness clearly in excess of expectancy Skin - ✔✔-what portal of entry should a field sanitarian protect to avoid contracting Lyme disease Schistosomiasis - ✔✔-Swimmer's itch is a common name for which disease Which of the following factors would LEAST contribute to the emergence of a new infectious disease? - ✔✔-Heat disinfection Listeriosis is COMMONLY associated with: - ✔✔-Contaminated food (i.e. milk and deli meat) Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is caused by infection with - ✔✔-Escherichia coli 015 7:H7 The basic principles of disease control include all of the following EXCEPT - ✔✔-Lag phase Which one of the following phrases MOST accurately describes the term endemic? - ✔✔-Constant presence of an illness The interval I between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symptom is called the: - ✔✔-Incubation period An establishment known to have imminent health hazards is not closed by the inspecting regulatory authority. This example BEST fits the definition of a: - ✔✔-Nonfeasance Vehicleborne, vectorborne, or airborne are all examples of: - ✔✔-Indirect mode of transmission An employer is held liable for the torts of its employees committed within the scope of their employment. This is referred to as: - ✔✔-Respondeat superior Performance of authorized act in a unauthorized manner is called: - ✔✔-Misfeasance An action authorized by law to restrict or prevent the movement of goods for the protection of public health, safety, and welfare is called an order of - ✔✔-Embargo What is the federal agency that regulates food additives? - ✔✔-Food and Drug Administration When a legal action is being prepared, one of the first steps a sanitarian should take is to: - ✔✔-Keep accurate records How is the term "contamination" defined when used in connection with communicable disease? - ✔✔- Presence of pathogenic agents on a surface, article, or substance. What is the MOST common contributing factor to foodborne illness? - ✔✔-improper holding temperatures Why are some foods classified as time/temperature control for safety? - ✔✔-They support rapid growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Which food does not require refrigeration at 41°F (5°C)? - ✔✔-UHT creamers What is the BEST means of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms in fresh meat? - ✔✔-adequate refrigeration and cleanliness What is the MAXIMUM accumulated time that time/temperature control for safety food can safely be exposed to the temperature danger zone? - ✔✔-6 hours If time only is used as a public health control, the MAXIMUM period of time recommended by the FDA for time/temperature control for safety food to be held is: - ✔✔-6 hours if the warmest part of the food item does not exceed 70°F. What is the MINIMUM period of time that the FDA recommends employees wash their hands and arms up to the elbow? - ✔✔-20 seconds Unpasteurized eggs NOT intended for immediate service should be cooked to: - ✔✔-seconds 155°F for 15 seconds. What is the usual mode of infection from Salmonella? - ✔✔-ingestion of contaminated food What is the source of scombroid poisoning? - ✔✔-histamines in the muscle of fish All of the following are signs of spoiled fish EXCEPT: - ✔✔-elastic flesh Which of the following shellfish are MOST likely to cause illness? - ✔✔-oysters The laboratory reports a positive coliform test that exceeds permissible limits on a bottle of pasteurized milk. What does this indicate? - ✔✔-Improper bactericidal treatment of the equipment What is the MOST effective practice for preventing trichinosis in people? - ✔✔-Be sure that fresh pork is thoroughly cooked An HACCP plan is NOT required when - ✔✔-cooling and reheating TCS foods in bulk What should NOT be done with food samples collected during a foodborne illness investigation? - ✔✔- freeze What is the PRIMARY requirement in designing a food service facility? - ✔✔-cleanability What is the MOST important rule of food storage? - ✔✔-Follow the "first in,first out" rule Insecticides/pesticides may be stored in all ways EXCEPT: - ✔✔-above the dishwashing sinks What type of well is considered LEAST likely to become contaminated? - ✔✔-Drilled Diatomaceous earth filters: - ✔✔-Should be supplemented by a chlorination system. Microbial pollution travels only a short distance through: - ✔✔-Smooth clay What type of filter is recommended for use in small communities and rural places? - ✔✔-Slow sand All of the following are used to disinfect water EXCEPT: - ✔✔-fluorine Backsiphonage may be prevented by all of the following method EXCEPT: - ✔✔-Hydrostatic loops Which of the following is the LEAST effective method for cadmium removal from drinking water? - ✔✔- Activated carbon Before a drinking water sample is taken, the sampling tap should be clean, free of leaks, and flushed for how long? - ✔✔-2 to 3 minutes What contaminant has been associated with learning and cognitive disorders in children who drink contaminated water? - ✔✔-Lead The wastewater from the flushing of a water closet, latrine, or privy is referred to as: - ✔✔-Black water If a septic tank is pumped during wet period, the - ✔✔-Tank may float out of the ground Nutrients associated with eutrophication include all of the following EXCEPT: - ✔✔-Potassium Which of the following is LEAST important when reducing sewage gases? - ✔✔-Earthworms A septic tank maintenance worker has checked an empty tank for the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H,S). The test was negative, and there are no odors indicating the presence of other hazardous gases. Is the tank safe to enter without a respirator and supplied air? - ✔✔-No, because oxygen content and methane were not tested All of the following are true about ozone as a disinfectant EXCEPT which one? - ✔✔-Long-lasting residual Aerobic bacteria require all of the following nutrients EXCEPT: - ✔✔-Magnesium What does a mottled brown and red soil indicate? - ✔✔-Inadequate aeration methods Alternative small wastewater treatment systems are considered UNLESS: - ✔✔-Impervious formations are found at a depth of 10 feet Lime coagulation, mixed media filtration, and activated carbon filtration will greatly reduce - ✔✔-EPA priority pollutants It is known that some common pathogenic organisms found in wastewater will survive more than ___of harsh temperature extremes: - ✔✔-2 years A storm sewer is used to: - ✔✔-Remove rain other standing surface water Stream pollution is sometimes apparent by: - ✔✔-A zone of degradation A young lake is considered to be: - ✔✔-Oligotrophic If the septic tank will also have a garbage disposal unit feeding into it, the - ✔✔-Size of the tank should be increased 50 percent Sludge accumulation in a tank serving a normal home has been estimated at: - ✔✔-18 to 21 gals. per person per year How often should a septic tank for a private home be serviced? - ✔✔-years Every 3 to 5 years Human disease from aerosols of wastewater: - ✔✔-Are related primarily to wastewater treatment by the activated sludge trickling filter, and spray irrigation processes Plants absorb certain constituents of wastewater; using wastewater for irrigation of consumable plant products may present a health hazard to humans if the water contains: - ✔✔-Cadmium After the servicing (pumping) of a septic tank, it is essential that the tank and lid be: - ✔✔-Replaced and secured for safety purposes According to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) how must hazardous household waste be disposed? - ✔✔-Household hazardous waste is exempt from RCRA requirements The grinding of garbage is an acceptable method of: - ✔✔-Garbage disposal. A solid waste manager is trying to reduce lead in the solid waste stream. What should be targeted in the municipal waste stream as a MAJOR contributor of lead to the environment? - ✔✔-Lead acid batteries All of the following are considered advantages of using the "shredded solid waste" landfill method EXCEPT which one? - ✔✔-It will readily absorb precipitation The BEST sanitary landfill method for a location with rolling terrain is the: - ✔✔-Area or ramp method Why is it important for a business that generates hazardous waste to deal only with licensed disposal companies that have a good compliance history? - ✔✔-The business is held accountable for where and how the hazardous waste generated is disposed of Which of the following is NOT type of hazardous waste incinerator? - ✔✔-Pressurized Which federal law regulates underground storage tanks for hazardous wastes? - ✔✔-Resource Conservation and Recovery Act A measure of the probability and severity of adverse effects under specific conditions BEST describes: - ✔✔-Risk Which of the following sampling devices is BEST for collecting undisturbed soil samples? - ✔✔-Split spoon What is the term for a statistical estimate of an oral dose of a chemical that produces a lethal effect on half of an animal population? - ✔✔-LD50 The dose-response relationship of a toxic substance depends on all of the following EXCEPT the: - ✔✔- pH of the substance Which respiratory device provides the BEST protection? - ✔✔-Positive pressure respirator with a full face piece The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know-Act (SARA Title III) requires the disclosure of all of the following EXCEPT type and quantities of: - ✔✔-All chemicals routinely discharged into the atmosphere For first responders at an incident, which one of the following is listed correctly according to order of importance? - ✔✔-Responder safety, public safety, environmental safety, property protection Rocky Mountain spotted fever is transmitted by: - ✔✔-Dog ticks What are the peak seasons for rats to breed in temperate zones? - ✔✔-Spring and fall Which one of the following pesticides can be legally used in the United States by the public? - ✔✔- Diazinon Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac contain oleoresin that is found in all parts of the plant EXCEPT the: - ✔✔-Wood. Psittacosis is MOST commonly spread by: - ✔✔-Pigeons Hay fever is correctly referred to - ✔✔-Pollenosis Which of the following is MOST effective for controlling ragweed? - ✔✔-2,4-D The term "endemic means: - ✔✔-Constant presence of an illness The interval between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symptom is called the: - ✔✔-Incubation period. Schistosomiasis is a/an: - ✔✔-Water contact disease A disease transmitted by birds and bird droppings is: - ✔✔-Psittacosis An infected organism that does not exhibit symptoms during the spread of an illness is called a: - ✔✔- Carrier The killing of infectious agent outside the body by chemical or physical means is termed: - ✔✔- Disinfection Rocky Mountain spotted fever is spread by: - ✔✔-Ticks Many diseases and infestations have common names that can confuse the professional when referred to by lay individuals and often children. The term cooties refers to a/an: - ✔✔-Lice infestation The term rad means: - ✔✔-Radiation absorbed dose Which of the following have little penetrating power and are normally a hazard to health only in the form of internal radiation received through ingestion, inhalation, or open wounds? - ✔✔-Alpha particles Beta radiation is MOST commonly blocked by which one of the following materials? - ✔✔-Glass or plastic Microwaves are reflected by: - ✔✔-Metals The energy of ionizing radiation is measured in: - ✔✔-Electron volts (eV) The term "frequency" cannot be described as: - ✔✔-Waves The shorter the wave length, the: - ✔✔-Higher the frequency and energy The roentgen is a measure of the ionization in air produced by exposure to - ✔✔-X-rays or gamma rays 9. The absorption of how many ergs (energy-per-gram) of air represents one roentgen? - ✔✔-About 86 The term "rem" is short for: - ✔✔-None of the above Which term is used to show the exposure of large populations to low-level radiation? - ✔✔-Person-rem The rate at which atoms of radioactive sources (radionuclides) disintegrate are measured in: - ✔✔- Curies Isotopes of the same element have: - ✔✔-The same atomic number but different mass numbers What is the danger and/or hazard posed by an etiological agent? - ✔✔-Human disease No person should be permitted to work in a trench or pit in sandy clay soil that has unsupported sides or banks higher than: - ✔✔-5 feet An employer moves employees who have reached the upper permissible level of exposure to a hazardous environment, to prevent further exposure. What type of hazard control is this? - ✔✔- Administrative control A negative pressure fit test for a protective mask: - ✔✔-Is done by placing both palms against the intake filters Quantitative risk assessments USUALLY measure human exposure through all of the following EXCEPT: - ✔✔-Computer models The MOST likely cause of photochemical smog is due to: - ✔✔-Heavy motor vehicle traffic The industries LEAST likely to be a source of sulfur dioxide pollution are: - ✔✔-Hazardous waste incinerators Scrubbers are wet collectors generally used to remove particles that form as a: - ✔✔-Fog, mist, or dust Particle size selective inlets are used to separate particulates above and below 2 to 3 microns in size on: - ✔✔-High - volume samplers The MOST common type of noise measurement device used for initial inspections is the: - ✔✔-Sound level meter When two pollutants are combined, the effects are greater than the sum of the individual effects. This is called: - ✔✔-Synergism Air is vital to existence. In fact, in a day's time humans breathe an average of - ✔✔-35 pounds of air Which component of clea [Show More]

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