Helwig NCE & CPCE Prep (HGrD). Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+

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Helwig NCE & CPCE Prep (HGrD). Top Exam Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, graded A+ What is the definition of development? (HGrD) Systematic changes and continuities in the individual that o ... ccurs between conception and death. What are the three broad areas of systematic change in development? (HGrD) Three broad areas such as physical development, cognitive development, and psychosocial development. The theories which can explain how humans grow and develop fall into these following broad categories. (HGrD) There are the learning theories including behavioral theories, cognitive theories, psychoanalytic including the Neo-Freudian, and humanistic psychology included with self theories. Human growth and development changes can be viewed from these comparative concepts. (HGrD) Qualitative or quantitative, continuous or discontinuous, and mechanistic or organismic. What is a qualitative view of change in human growth and development? (HGrD) Qualitative change principle is that change occurs in structure or organization (for example, sexual development). What is quantitative view of change in human growth and development? (HGrD) Quantitative view of change is in number, degree or frequency (content changes, for example, intellectual development) What is considered as the continuous view of change when it comes to human growth and development? (HGrD) A continuous model states that change is sequential and cannot be separated easily (for example, personality development) What is considered in the discontinuous view of change in human growth and development? (HGrD) The discontinuous view attributes growth and development as certain changes in abilities or behaviors that can be separated from others which delineates stages of development (for example, language development). What is the mechanistic view of change in human growth and development? (HGrD) Mechanistic model states development and growth as those changes that are the reduction of all behavior to common elements (for example, instinctual or reflexive behavior) What is the organismic model of change in human growth and development? (HGrD) Organismic model states that because of new stages, there is change or discontinuity; development and growth is more than just stimulus-response. The organism is involved including the use of cognition An example of this model comes from theories on moral or ethical development. What is the definition of self-concept? (HGrD) Self-concept may be defined as your perception of your qualities, attributes, and traits. What is the theoretical self-concept at birth? (HGrD) At birth, infants have no sense of self. In early months this quickly changes. By 24 months, what is the theoretical self-concept for most infants? (HGrD) Most infants, by 24 months, show signs of self recognition; they are able to identify social categories they are in i.e. age and gender, “who is like me and who is not like me“; they exhibit various temperaments. At what stage of development does most children shows signs of concrete and physical self-concept? And at what age can be described inner qualities? (HGrD) It is the pre-school child’s self-concept that is very concrete and physical. By 8 years old or so, they can describe inner qualities. At what stage of development does a child start to develop a more abstract and psychological selfconcept? (HGrD) It is by adolescents does self-concepts (self descriptions) become more abstract and psychological. Does the stabilization of self-concept attributes, in adolescents; continue, stop or maintain itself? (HGrD) The stabilization of self-concept attributes continues for adolescents. (HGrD) What influences the development of attributes and some traits for adolescents? (HGrD) It is cultural and family factors that influence the development of attributes and some traits. Explain nature versus nurture. (HGrD) Nature includes genetic and hereditary factors. While nurture includes learning and environmental factors. Explain genotype and phenotype. (HGrD) Genotype is the genetic (inherited) makeup of the individual. While phenotype is the way an individual’s genotype is expressed through physical and behavioral characteristics. What is the Tabula Rasa theory? (HGrD) John Locke's theory that children begin as a 'blank slate' acquiring their characteristics through experience. What does the statement “lifespan development has plasticity” mean? (HGrD) For most individuals lifespan development is plastic representing an easy and smooth transition from one stage to the next. Explain the concept of resiliency? (HGrD) Resiliency is the ability to adapt effectively despite the experience of adverse circumstances. For example, some children, despite experiencing potentially damaging conditions and circumstances, seem to suffer few consequences. What is neuroscience sometimes referred to in mental health professions? (HGrD) Neuroscience is usually sometimes referred to as the missing link in mental health professions. According to Ivey, D'Andrea and Ivey, what are the levels for which the mind is a product of activity occurring in the brain? (HGrD) The mind is a product of the activity occurring at the molecular, cellular, and anatomical levels. According to Ivey, D’Andrea and Ivey, what impacts the mind, as it is product of activities in the brain? (HGrD) The mind is impacted by a person’s interpersonal, relationships, cultural context, and societal experience. Counselor use of theories, skills and interventions help promote the release of what, which promotes related brain changes? (HGrD) When counselors promote the use of theories, skills and interventions, they help release various neurotransmitters which promotes related brain changes. What do Neurotransmitters affect? (HGrD) Neurotransmitters affect various cognitive, emotional, psychological and behavioral reactions that people have to their life experience. What are the four principle neurotransmitters important to counselors? (HGrD) The four principle neurotransmitters are acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, and GABA (gamma amino butyric acid). What is acetylcholine important for? (HGrD) The neurotransmitter, Acetylcholine is important for memory, optimal cognitive functioning, emotional balance and control. What does serotonin affects, critical for, and vital to? (HGrD) Serotonin tends to affect feelings, behaving, and thinking. Critical for emotional and cognitive processes. Vital to sleep and anxiety control. How is dopamine important to the human brain? (HGrD) Dopamine is important for emotional wellness, motivation, and pleasurable feelings. what role does GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) fulfill? (HGrD) GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) helps reduce anxiety and promotes relaxation and sleep. What did Abraham Maslow contribute to the field of psychology and what school of psychology is he affiliated? (HGrD) Maslow developed the “hierarchy of needs” and was considered to be an important humanistic psychologist. Explain the concept of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. (HGrD) Maslow states that people are always motivated to higher-order [Show More]

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