ASVAB Auto and Shop information. Top Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A

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ASVAB Auto and Shop information. Top Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A Mixture of Gas and Air (the fuel mixture) - ✔✔What does the Internal Combustion engine burn? 1. Intake 2 ... . Compression 3. Power 4. Exhaust - ✔✔What are the 4 strokes that make up a cycle? (in car engine) Intake - ✔✔This valve opens as the connecting rod pulls the piston down, drawing the gas/air mix into the cylinder Compression - ✔✔The valves are closed. The connecting rod pushes the piston up, compressing gas/air mix Power - ✔✔The spar plug ignites the gas/air mix, forcing the piston down. That pushes down on the connecting rod, turning the crankshaft; the crankshaft turns the flywheel, which keeps the engine going Exhaust - ✔✔The ___ valve opens as the connecting rod moves the piston back up, pushing out the exploded gases. The valves are times, of course, using pus rods attached to the camshaft. Inline - ✔✔The name for cylinders that are arranged in one row V - ✔✔The name for cylinders that are arranged in two rows Four-stroke, one-cycle engine - ✔✔Most people refer to engines as four-cycle engines but this is false; what are they really called? Tachometer - ✔✔Instrument in a vehicle the measures revolutions per minute; rpm (e.g. when this displays 4,800 rpm, that means the engine is performing 4,800 cycles every minute) Fuel must be properly mixed with air and transported within the cylinder at the proper time - ✔✔What must happen in order for the cycle to happen at all? Carburetors - ✔✔___ are used (pre 1990) to mix the fuel and air mechanically. As air moves quickly through this, it creates a vacuum, which draws more and more fuel into the mixture Fuel Injectors - ✔✔___ have replaced carburetors on newer cars to perform the air/fuel mixture function. Fuel Injector - ✔✔The ___ acts as the fuel-dispensing nozzle. It injects liquid fuel directly in to the engine's air stream. (In almost all cases it requires an external pump) Electronic Fuel Injection computer - ✔✔EFI computer stands for ___? Determines the amount of fuel entering the engine: receives information from the sensors in the fuel, air, and exhaust system, and from that information, it determines how much fuel the engine needs to operate at optimum levels - ✔✔What does the EFI computer do? Throttle - ✔✔___ is mechanically connected to the carburetor OR ___ is electronically connected to the EFI computer Advancing (opening) the throttle causes more fuel to be transferred to the carburetor or the fuel injectors. The accelerator (gas pedal) is connected to the throttle by mechanical linkages. The harder you push on the gas pedal, the farther the throttle is advanced (opened). Thus, more fuel is transported to the carburetor or fuel injectors. - ✔✔What does a Throttle do? Cooling system - ✔✔What does the engine have because of the high temperature at which fuel burns? Water Jackets Water Pump Radiator - ✔✔What are the 3 components of the engine's cooling system? Water jackets - ✔✔These surround the parts of the engine that reach the highest temperatures (engine cooling system) Water Pump - ✔✔This circulates water through the water jackets (engine cooling system) Radiator - ✔✔(engine cooling system) While the water circulates, it absorbs heat from the engine and then passes through the ___, where outside air cools the water. Antifreeze - ✔✔___ (a coolant) raises the boiling point of water (which keeps water from boiling away) and lowers its freezing point (which keeps the system from freezing up during cold weather) Antifreeze - ✔✔___ is usually mixed with the water in an engine cooling system Oil Pump - ✔✔A ___ circulates oil through the engine; oil flows through the crankshaft and connecting rods, lubricating it as it goes. Friction & Heat - ✔✔Lubrication (from the oil pump) reduces ___, which in turn reduces ___. Starter - ✔✔An electric motor powered by the battery that starts the engine when you turn the key Alternator - ✔✔This sends an electric current back to the battery to keep the battery charged and also powers the other electronic gadgets on your car when the engine is running Ignition system - ✔✔This supplies a high-voltage current to the spark plugs to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinders Ignition system - ✔✔The ___ system takes the 12-volt current from the battery, steps it up to about 20,000 volts, and then sends the current to the spark plugs Coil - ✔✔In older cars, this device uses electromagnetic induction to step up the voltage (ignition system) Distributer - ✔✔After leaving the coil, the current then passes through ___, an electrical/mechanical switching device; controls the timing of the spark-plug discharges (ignition system, older cars) Breaker points - ✔✔A rotating shaft and a switch within the distributer that routes the current through wires to the spark plugs (ignition system, older cars) Condenser - ✔✔This absorbs excess current and protects the breaker points from the damage by the high-voltage surge Solid-state electronics controlled by a computer - ✔✔In modern ignition systems, the distributer, coil, breaker points, and condenser have been replaced by what? Computer - ✔✔A ___ controls the ignition system and adjusts it to provide maximum efficiency in a variety of driving conditions Drive System - ✔✔Transfers the power of the engine to the wheels, making them move Axle - ✔✔The shaft on which the wheels revolve Universal Joint - ✔✔Allows the axle to move up and down without breaking the drive shaft Drive Shaft - ✔✔The connecting component that carries torque and transmits rotation Gears - ✔✔These are located on the axle and allow the vehicle to make turns Axle shafts - ✔✔These turn the wheels Rear-wheel drive Front-wheel drive All-wheel drive (four-wheel drive) - ✔✔What are the 3 ways wheels turn on vehicles Rear-wheel drive - ✔✔The rear wheels push the car. The drive shaft extends from the transmission to the rear axle. Front-wheel drive - ✔✔The front wheels pull the car. The drive shaft extends from the transmission to the front axle. All-wheel drive (four-wheel drive) - ✔✔All wheels push and pull the car at the same time. The drive shaft extends from the transmission to both axles. Transmission Rear - ✔✔The ___ changes the speed of the engine in relation to the speed of the ___ wheels in rearwheel drive. Transmission Front - ✔✔The ___ changes the speed of the engine in relation to the speed of the ___ wheels in frontwheel drive. Transmission All - ✔✔The ___ changes the speed of the engine in relation to the speed of ___ the wheels in all-wheel drive. Automatic Manual (stick shift) - ✔✔2 types of transmission Transmission - ✔✔Consists of gears in several combinations so that the amount of torque used can vary according to the needs Torque - ✔✔The force that produces rotation (of wheels) More - ✔✔When the terrain is difficult (as in snow), the wheels need ___ torque in order to move. Torque Converter - ✔✔In an automatic transmission, this automatically varies the amount of torque supplied Clutch - ✔✔Found in manual transmission, this disconnects the engine from the drive shaft in order to change to a different gear (torque). Also allows the engine to run when the car isn't moving Brake - ✔✔Device found on each wheel that applies friction to the wheel to stop its rotation Master cylinder Brake lines Brake pedal Drum brakes &/or Disc brakes - ✔✔Components of a Brake system Brake lines - ✔✔Run from the master cylinder, these are filled with brake fluid Brake pedal - ✔✔This applies pressure to the master cylinder, which sends pressure (and brake fluid) through the break lines. [Show More]

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