Uconn Comm 1000 Exam 1

Uconn Comm 1000 Exam 1 Why study Comm? - ✔✔Keeps us alive, impacts everything, it is a skill, employers value it What is Human Communication - ✔✔-the process of managing messages for the purpose of creating shared mea ...

Uconn Comm 1000 Exam 1 Why study Comm? - ✔✔Keeps us alive, impacts everything, it is a skill, employers value it What is Human Communication - ✔✔-the process of managing messages for the purpose of creating shared meaning. -a transaction between at least 2 people -simultaneously sending and receiving messages Factors that influence communication - ✔✔Listening, time, feedback Intrapersonal comm - ✔✔within one person interpersonal - ✔✔with one another interviewing - ✔✔focused on question-answer pattern small group - ✔✔3 or more members influencing one another public comm - ✔✔talking to a lot of people organization comm - ✔✔between people of certain culture Elements of effective comm - ✔✔understanding, pleasure, attitude influence, improved relationships, action Humanistic approaches - ✔✔rhetoric, interpretivists, critical scholars Rhetoric - ✔✔basis for public speaking interpretivists - ✔✔make sense of the world based on events Critical scientific approaches - ✔✔Qualitative, quantitative Qualitative - ✔✔rigorous observational rules , work in the field Quantitative - ✔✔seeks to uncover patterns in comm behavior via numbers, in the field or lab The scientific method - ✔✔ask questions or state problem formulate hypothesis or research question think through, refine hypothesis Perception - ✔✔interpreting the sensory experience of the world Process of Perception - ✔✔1. select 2.organize 3.interpret Perceptual filters - ✔✔Physical/physiological limits (glasses) Pyschological sets - ✔✔expectations that shape experiences (gender, age) Attribution - ✔✔the process of assigning meaning to others' behavior Dispositional other - ✔✔Overuse of personality reasons (dispositions) with others "joe failed the exam because he was lazy" Self-serving bias - ✔✔Overuse of situational attributions with self "I failed the exam because the exam was ridiculous and unfair Impressions of self - ✔✔self concept -(looking-glass) -self expansion model -social comparison self-esteem -feedback selffulfilling prophecy -can or can not do something Impressions of Others - ✔✔First impressions -primary effect Physical attractiveness expressiveness charisma Stereotyping - ✔✔a generalization about a class of people, objects, or events that is widely held by a given culture Social Roles - ✔✔work, student, gender-limited, marital Verbal Communication - ✔✔a system of symbols and codes used to construct and covey meaning symbol - ✔✔the word itself, the word means nothing, but culturally we have created a meaning for the word referent - ✔✔the thing that the word stands for Denotive meaning - ✔✔dictionary definition of the word connotative meaning - ✔✔individuals interpretation of a word private & shared meaning - ✔✔Inside joke Sapir-Whord hypothesis - ✔✔language shapes how we see the world Strong determinism - ✔✔language outright determines our thoughts weak determinism - ✔✔the way we view the world shapes our thoughts but do not outright determine our thoughts Abstract/ Vague language - ✔✔does not give a definitive answer, causes confusion inferences - ✔✔drawing conclusions from information we have in front of us dichotomes - ✔✔assuming; thinking in terms of two -contrast equivocal lang - ✔✔words have two or more meanings euphemisms - ✔✔changing language to make it easier to understand/handle metacommunication - ✔✔communication about communication Listening - ✔✔a process of receiving, construction meaning from & responding to spoken and or nonverbal messages Listening vs. Hearing - ✔✔hearing= a physiological(1 step of listening) listening= processing what it is that we are listening 6 components of listening - ✔✔1. hearing 2.understanding 3.remembering 4.interpreting 5.evaluating 6.responding Barriers to listening - ✔✔-physical/physiological: literal noise from what could be an outside force -psychological: pain, fatigue, emotional trial -conflicting objectives: professor "we'll discuss this topic but it wont be on the exam" -poor listening habits: you just suck at listening How to improve - ✔✔1. listen carefully 2. pay attention(consistently) 3. take notes on most important ideas (physically or mentally) 4.Take the time to process messages 5. Aerobic Listening: C onverse A acknowledge R espect E emphasize Nonverbal comm - ✔✔use of objects, action, sound, time and space to convey meaning Vocal - ✔✔groans + sighs Nonvocal - ✔✔facial expressions, movement Nonverbal - ✔✔complements, regulations, substitutes for, contradicts, illustrates verbal Paralanguage - ✔✔where we put emphasis on words "how you say it" Objectics - ✔✔personal appearance, artifacts we posess proxemics - ✔✔the use of space to convey meaning orientation - ✔✔where you are situated competitive orientation or cooperative orientation ex: where you are sitting at a table Haptics - ✔✔study of touch, touch comm -tough indicates dominance Kinesics - ✔✔facial expressions and gestures - cultural differences body movements and gesture- emblems, illustrators, regulators, adaptors, affect displays Oculesics - ✔✔eye contact- where we look shows attraction women tend to use eye contact more chronemics - ✔✔time monochonic - ✔✔one thing at a time ex. class polychronic - ✔✔more things at once ex. focused on people more than things we are doing Emotion - ✔✔helps control/ understand non-verbal -minute signals of affect, attention, approach, dominance sign - ✔✔ex: growling to show anger Spontaneous comm - ✔✔nonvoluntary, involves signs not symbols based on biologically-shared signal system Symbolic Comm - ✔✔socially-shared system voluntary involves symbols includes nonverbal behaviors 3 types of emotions - ✔✔1. Bodily Adaptation & maintenance of Homeostasis 2. external expression of motivational/ emotional stats 3. the subjective expression of motivational emotional stats Bodily Adaptations - ✔✔includes fight or flight responses & need for food and water and oxygen external expression - ✔✔useful for social coordination, sexual reproduction, dominance and submission subjective expression - ✔✔useful for self-regulation, reflection, learning. Monitoring system for humans 6 basic emotions - ✔✔happy, sad, fear, anger, surprise, disgust Sending accuracy - ✔✔sending emotions making the reaction -some people make faces better than others receiving ability - ✔✔making sense of the reaction what we can improve on and usually better with those we are close with pseudospontaneous communication - ✔✔posing/faking of a facial expression for a reason deception - ✔✔repress emotions or events coping- involves making sense of what we feel emotional education - ✔✔as we age we get better at this role models and media help us with this developmental interactionist theory - ✔✔as we age we use more reasoning than emotion