Pathophysiology Exam 1 Review Questions with answers. 100% proven pass rate

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Pathophysiology Exam 1 Review Questions with answers. 100% proven pass rate Which condition occurs in the presence of cellular damage? A. Cells shrink. B. ATP production increases. C. ... Osmotic pressure decreases. D. Sodium and water move into the cell. - ✔✔Answer- D. Sodium and water move into the cell An increase in which of these characteristics would be present in cells that demonstrate hypertrophy? A. Lipofuscin B. Size of vacuoles C. Size of cells D. Number of cells - ✔✔Answer- C. Size of cells Cellular hypoxia results in A. increased pH. B. enhanced ATP activity. C. loss of intracellular calcium. D. failure of the sodium-potassium pump. - ✔✔Answer- D. failure of the sodium-potassium pump Which cellular response is maladaptive? A. Shrinkage of cell size B. Increase in cell size C. Increase in the number of cells D. Change in the shape or arrangement of cell - ✔✔Answer- D. Change in the shape or arrangement of cell A critical event in the death of a cell is caused by A. disruption of the plasma membranes permeability barrier B. an increase in cellular protein content C. an accumulation of lipofuscin D. chronic nutrient insufficiency - ✔✔Answer- A. disruption of the plasma membranes permeability barrier A client develops weakness in both lower extremities following a prolonged period of bed rest. This condition is most likely caused by A. Atrophy B. dysplasia C. hypertrophy D. hyperplasia - ✔✔Answer- A. Atrophy A heart that has to pump harder in order to effectively circulate blood is likely to undergo which type of cellular adaptation? A. atrophy B. Metaplasia C. hypertrophy D. hyperplasia - ✔✔Answer- C. Hypertrophy Which type of cellular adaptation is most likely to occur as the result of chronic ischemia to a region? A. Hypertrophy B. Hyperplasia C. Metaplasia D. Atrophy - ✔✔Answer- D. atrophy Viruses injure cells differently than other causes of cellular injury because they A. produce and secrete powerful destructive enzymes that digest cellular membranes and connective tissues. B. are incorporated into the cell, where it uses the cell's RNA or DNA for self-replication C. cause reperfusion injury as the result of free radical formation. D. injure cells by disrupting chemical bonds through ionization. - ✔✔Answer- B. are incorporate into the cell, where it uses the cells RNA or DNA for self-replication Which type of cellular adaptation would create the greatest concern if found on a biopsy report? A. Dysplasia B. Metaplasia C. Hyperplasia D. Hypertrophy - ✔✔answer- A. Dysplasia Necrosis is the result of cellular injury that does not allow for cellular adaptation because it is which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. too severe B. too prolonged C. acute in nature D. programmed into the cell itself E. a result of a disrupted blood supply - ✔✔answer- A, B, E The local warmth that occurs during an inflammatory response is the result of - ✔✔increased blood flow Which substance activates the complement cascade? - ✔✔antigen A patient's white blood cell count indicates a shift to the left. This indicates that the client's - ✔✔ Which specialized cells are associated with the immune response? - ✔✔lymphocytes which cells are associated with response to infection? - ✔✔monocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages A series of events occur during acute inflammation resulting from cellular injury. Which event occurs initially? - ✔✔brief constriction of vessel walls The first line of defense against disease is provided by which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔intact skin, mucous membranes [Show More]

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