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• Option A: Arguing with the client or denying his belief isn’t therapeutic. By using nonverbal and verbal cues such as nodding and saying “I see,” nurses can encourage patients to continue ... talking. Active listening involves showing interest in what patients have to say, acknowledging that you’re listening and understanding, and engaging with them throughout the conversation. Nurses can offer general leads such as “What happened next?” to guide the conversation or propel it forward. • Option C: Arguing can also inhibit development of a trusting relationship. Continuing to talk about delusions may aggravate the psychosis. It’s frequently useful for nurses to summarize what patients have said after the fact. This demonstrates to patients that the nurse was listening and allows the nurse to document conversations. Ending a summary with a phrase like “Does that sound correct?” gives patients explicit permission to make corrections if they’re necessary. • Option D: Asking the client if a foreign government is trying to kill him may increase his anxiety level and can reinforce his delusions. Voicing doubt can be a gentler way to call attention to the incorrect or delusional 3. Question 3 of 75 3. Question A client receiving haloperidol (Haldol) complains of a stiff jaw and difficulty swallowing. The nurse’s first action is to: • 1. A. Reassure the client and administer as needed lorazepam (Ativan) I.M. • 2. B. Administer as needed dose of benztropine (Cogentin) I.M. as ordered. • 3. C. Administer as needed dose of benztropine (Cogentin) by mouth as ordered. • 4. D. Administer as needed dose of haloperidol (Haldol) by mouth. Correct Incorrect Correct Answer: B. Administer as needed dose of benztropine (Cogentin) I.M. as ordered. The client is most likely suffering from muscle rigidity due to haloperidol. I.M. benztropine should be administered to prevent asphyxia or aspiration. The extrapyramidal symptoms are muscular weakness or rigidity, a generalized or localized tremor that may be characterized by the akinetic or agitation types of movements, respectively. Haloperidol overdose is also associated with ECG changes known as torsade de pointes, which may cause arrhythmia or cardiac arrest. • Option A: Lorazepam treats anxiety, not extrapyramidal effects. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine medication developed by DJ Richards. It went on the market in the United States in 1977. Lorazepam has common use as the sedative and anxiolytic of choice in the inpatient setting owing to i [Show More]

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