Pathophysiology Unit One Study Questions And Answers 2022

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Pathophysiology Unit One Study Questions And Answers 2022 which of the following would be the most likely cause of an iatrogenic disease? - ANS- an unwanted effect of a prescribed drug the manife ... stations of a disease are best defined as the - ANS- signs and symptoms of a disease the best definition of the term prognosis is the - ANS- predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific disease which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease? - ANS- fever etiology is defined as the study of the - ANS- causes of a disease hypertrophy of the heart would be related to - ANS- an increase in the size of the individual cells a change in tissue marked by cells that very in shape and size and show increased myotic figures would be called - ANS- dysplasia when a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called - ANS- necrosis lack of exercise during an illness may cause skeletal muscle to undergo - ANSatrophy the term cancer refers to - ANS- malignant neoplasm to which of the following does the term apoptosis refer? - ANS- per-programmed cell self-destruction which of the following statements is true? - ANS- damaged cells may be able to repair themselves caseation necrosis refers to an area where - ANS- dead cells form a thick cheesy substance routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of - ANS- a preventative measure a circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed - ANS- precipitating factor what is an acute episode of a chronic disease called - ANS- an exacerbation the term homeostasis refers to - ANS- maintenance of a stable internal environment which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after the original disease is established? - ANS- complication pathophysiology involves the study of - ANS- functional or structural changes resulting from disease processes which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology - ANS- the science of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases which of the following can cause cell injury or death? - ANS- hypoxia, exposure to excessive cold, excessive pressure on tissue, chemical toxins. 1, 2, 3, 4! all of the following are part of the Seven Steps to Health except: - ANS- participate in strenuous exercise on a regular daily basis the term disease refers to - ANS- a deviation from the normal state of health and function the best definition of an ischemia is - ANS- a deficit of oxygen supply to the cells, due to circulatory obstruction all of the following statements are correct about cell damage except - ANS- initially cell damage does not change cell metabolism, structure, or function which of the following conditions distinguishes double-blind studies used in health research? - ANS- neither the members of the control group or the experimental group, nor the person administering the treatment know who is receiving the experimental therapy if the data collected from the research process confirm that the new treatment has increased effectiveness and is safe, this is called - ANS- evidence based research a short-term illness that develops very quickly with perhaps a high fever or severe pain is called - ANS- acute the term prognosis refers to the - ANS- expected outcome of a disease when prolonged ischemia occurs to an area of the heart, the resulting damage is referred to as - ANS- infarction during the evaluation process for a new therapy's effectiveness and safety, a doubleblind study may be conducted during - ANS- the third stage why are the predisposing factors for a specific disease important to health professionals? - ANS- to develop preventative measures cell damage may be caused by exogenous sources such as - ANS- certain food additives which of the following is usually included in medical history? - ANS- past illnesses or surgeries, current illnesses, acute and chronic, prescribed medication or other treatments, nonprescription drugs and herbal remedies, current allergies. Bacteria that form a cluster of spheres are called - ANS- staphylococci An anaerobe requires which specific environment? - ANS- The absence of oxygen A bacterial endospore can - ANS- survive high temperatures and dry environment The structure of a virus includes - ANS- a protein coat and either DNA or RNA What method do viruses use to replicate? - ANS- Using a host cell to produce and assemble components A retrovirus such as HIV contains - ANS- RNA and enzymes for its conversion How do antiviral drugs act? - ANS- Reducing the rate of viral replication Which statement applies to yeasts? They: - ANS- may cause opportunistic infections in the body Fungi reproduce by - ANS- budding, extension of hyphae, production of spores. 1, 2, 4 Which of the following is not classified as a protozoan agent of disease? - ANSTinea pedis Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted by - ANS- cysts in feces Which of the following is a characteristic of resident or normal flora (microflora)? - ANS- Different species inhabit various areas of the body Which area of the body is considered sterile? - ANS- Stomach The term nosocomial infection means - ANS- acquired in a hospital or medical facility Transmission of microbes by direct contact includes - ANS- sexual intercourse Opportunistic infection may develop when - ANS- a member of resident flora migrates and colonizes a new location in the body What does a vaccine contain? - ANS- Attenuated or dead pathogens or their toxins When do clinical signs of infection appear? - ANS- When the microbial colony is large enough to damage the host The principle of Universal Precautions is based on - ANS- assuming that all body fluids from all individuals are possible sources of infection The incubation period refers to the time period between - ANS- entry of the pathogen into the body and the first signs of infectious disease Which of the following is a local sign of infection? - ANS- Pain erythema, and swelling What are culture and sensitivity tests used for? - ANS- To identify the causative microbe and the effective antimicrobial agent for it. How does penicillin act as a bactericidal agent? - ANS- Interfering with cell-wall synthesis The primary pathological effect of influenza virus is - ANS- inflammation and necrosis of the upper respiratory epithelium What does leukocytosis frequently indicate - ANS- presence of bacterial infection When an infection or inflammation is suspected, what does leucopenia often indicate? - ANS- Viral infection Which of the following statements applies to Chlamydia? - ANS- It causes a common STD Which of the following are characteristics of influenza virus? - ANS- It is an obligate intracellular parasite, It contains RNA, there are three subtypes - A, B, C. 1, 2, 4 Which of the following manifestations is usually present with influenza but not with the common cold? - ANS- generalized skeletal muscle aching, headache, marked fatigue Prions are transmitted by blood and - ANS- ingestion of contaminated meat Which of the following statements applies to Influenza A H1N1? - ANS- It contains genetic material from avian, swine, and human viruses Which of the following does not directly determine the virulence of a microbe? - ANSCapacity for opportunism Which of the following is a function of interferons? They: - ANS- increase host cell resistance to viral invasion Inflamed tissue is likely to become infected because - ANS- capillaries are less permeable in the affected area. When an infectious disease is occurring globally at a higher rate than usual, it may be designated as a - ANS- pandemic What is a benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue called? - ANS- Lipoma What are malignant neoplasms arising from connective tissue cells called? - ANSSarcomas Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign tumor? - ANS- Cells appear relatively normal Which factor provides the basis for grading of newly diagnosed malignant tumors? - ANS- Degree of differentiation of the cells A warning sign of possible cancer would be any of the following EXCEPT: - ANSsudden development of fever, nausea, and diarrhea The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass include - ANS- obstruction of a tube or duct; cell necrosis and ulceration 1, 3 Which of the following does paraneoplastic syndrome refer to? - ANS- The effects of substances such as hormones secreted by the tumor cells Which term refers to the spread of malignant cells through blood and lymph to distant sites? - ANS- Metastasis... 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