SAT Math Terms & Formulas

Document Content and Description Below

quadratic formula - ANSWER [-b ± √(b² - 4ac)] / (2a) slope formula - ANSWER (y₂- y₁) / (x₂- x₁) integers - ANSWER ..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ... rationals - ANSWER fractions (an ... ything expessable as a ratio of integers) reals - ANSWER integers, rationals, plus special #s (like √2 or pi) order of operations - ANSWER PEMDAS (Parentheses / Exponents / Multiply / Divide / Add / Subtract) Arithmetic Sequences - ANSWER t₁, t₁+ d, t₁+2d, ... Geometric Sequences - ANSWER t₁, t₁· r, t₁· r², ... Factors - ANSWER ex. factors of 52 are 2, 4, 13, and 26 Multiples - ANSWER ex. multiples of 20 are 40, 60, 80, 100, ... percentages - ANSWER part = (percent / 100) x whole average - ANSWER average = sum of terms / number of terms average speed - ANSWER average speed = total distance / total time sum - ANSWER sum = average x (number of terms) mode - ANSWER mode = value in the list that appears most often median - ANSWER median = middle value in the list fundamental counting principle - ANSWER if an event can happen in N ways, and another, independent event can happen in M ways, then both events together can happen in N x M ways. probability - ANSWER probability = number of desired outcomes / number of total outcomes adding exponents - ANSWER x^a · x^b = x^(a+b) subtracting exponents - ANSWER x^a / x^b = x^(a-b) negative exponents - ANSWER 1 / x^b = x^(-b) multiplying exponents - ANSWER (x^a)^b = x^(a·b) x^0 - ANSWER 1 roots - ANSWER √(xy) = √x · √y FOIL - ANSWER (x+a)(x+b) = x^2 + (b+a)x + ab difference of squares - ANSWER a^2 -b^2 = (a+b)(a-b) a^2 + 2ab + b^2 - ANSWER (a+b)^2 a^2 - 2ab + b^2 - ANSWER (a-b)(a-b) distance formula - ANSWER √[(x₂- x₁)^2 + (y₂- y₁)^2)] mid-point formula - ANSWER [(x₁+ x₂)/2 , (y₁+ y₂)/2] intersecting lines - ANSWER opposite angles are equal (each pair of angles along the same line add to 180 degrees) area of triangle - ANSWER area = (1/2)bh angles of triangle - ANSWER add up to 180 degrees length of triangle sides - ANSWER length of 1 side is always less than the sum of the other 2 equilateral - ANSWER three equal sides, all angles = 60 degrees isosceles - ANSWER 2 equal sides, 2 equal angles similar - ANSWER same shape, corresponding angles are equal, corresponding sides are in proportion circle area - ANSWER pi · r^2 circle circumference - ANSWER 2 · pi · r full circle - ANSWER = 360 degrees length of arc - ANSWER (n degree / 360 degrees) · 2 · pi · r area of sector - ANSWER (n degree / 360 degrees) · pi · r^2 rectangle area - ANSWER area = lw parallelogram area - ANSWER area = lh rectangular solid volume - ANSWER volume = lwh right cylinder volume - ANSWER volume = pi · r^2 · h prime factors - ANSWER 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, ... Greatest Common Factor - ANSWER ex. GCF of 200 and 60 is 20 Least Common Multiple - ANSWER ex. LCM of 200 and 60 is 600 equation of circle - ANSWER with midpoint (h,k) ... (x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2 logarithms - ANSWER y = log(little b)x asks b^y = x complex numbers - ANSWER i^0 = 1; i^1 = i; i^2 = -1; i^3 = -i; i^4 = 1; i^5 = i; i^6 = -1; i^7 = -i sin of an angle - ANSWER opp / hyp cos of an angle - ANSWER adj / hyp tan of an angle - ANSWER opp / adj special sin cos relationship - ANSWER sin^2(angle) + cos^2(angle) = 1 degree to radian - ANSWER degree# · (pi / 180 degrees) radian to degree - ANSWER radian# · (180 degrees / pi) trapezoid area - ANSWER area = [(base1 + base2) / 2] · h Direct Variation - ANSWER y=kx Inverse Variation - ANSWER y=k/x Slope intercept form - ANSWER y=mx+b Point-Slope form - ANSWER y - y₁= m(x - x₁) standard form - ANSWER Ax + By=C, where A, B, and C are not decimals or fractions, where A and B are not both zero, and where A is not a negative Dividing by a negative number in an inequality - ANSWER You must flip the sign Graphing < or > on a coordinate plane - ANSWER dotted line Graphing ≥ or ≤ on a coordinate plane - ANSWER solid line Graphing ≥ or > on a coordinate plane - ANSWER shade upwards or to the right Graphing ≤ or < on a coordinate plane - ANSWER shade downwards or to the left circle perimeter - ANSWER 2 pi r Chord - ANSWER The distance from one point on the circle to another point on the circle. Sector - ANSWER The part of a circle that looks like a piece of pie. A sector is bounded by 2 radii and an arc of the circle. arc - ANSWER Part of a circle connecting two points on the circle. Central Angle - ANSWER An angle whose vertex is the center of th [Show More]

Last updated: 3 years ago

Preview 1 out of 5 pages