SOPHIA_PATHWAYS__Environmental_Science__milestone_1.pdf

1 Select the item below that is biotic . ● Bacteria ● Dirt ● Water ● Air CONCEPT Environmental Science 2 Sherman notices the leaves of one tree in his yard begin to change color much earlier than the surroundin ...

1 Select the item below that is biotic . ● Bacteria ● Dirt ● Water ● Air CONCEPT Environmental Science 2 Sherman notices the leaves of one tree in his yard begin to change color much earlier than the surrounding trees. He wonders what causes this. Sherman calls a local nursery to ask some questions. If Sherman follows the steps of the scientific method, his next action would be to __________. ● analyze data ● reach a conclusion ● conduct an experiment ● form a hypothesis CONCEPT Science & The Scientific Process 3 Which of the following correctly defines sustainability? ● Promotes and maintains conditions under which nature and humans can co-exist indefinitely ● The observation of interdependence among biological organisms within a specific environment ● The objective study of humans and their environment ● Promotes the management of a variety of species in a particular habitat CONCEPT Biodiversity Sustainability 4 Which of the following describes an effect of overfishing experienced at the individual level? ● A fisherman loses his livelihood ● A fish experiences hormone imbalances from water pollution ● A fish species becomes extinct ● A chain of restaurants along the coast begins to lose business CONCEPT Time, Scale, and Impact 5 Plant and animal life faced many challenges when moving from water to land. Select the FALSE statement about this transition. ● Organisms’ movements changed without water for transport. ● Oxygen levels in the atmosphere were not high enough to sustain life on land. ● Organisms on land could dry out unless they found a water source. ● The development of an ozone layer protected organisms from solar radiation. CONCEPT Early Life 6 Which of the following is the best example of how a nonprofit organization can apply environmental science? ● Promote sanitation and clean drinking water in developing nations ● Reintroduce an endangered species into a national park ● Use data to formulate climate change predictions ● Vote for a political candidate who supports environmental issues CONCEPT Applying Environmental Science 7 The mass extinction that led to the loss of 96% of marine life and 70% of terrestrial life was most likely due to a supernova, an asteroid impact or __________. ● glacial melt ● massive floods ● volcanic eruption ● severe storms CONCEPT Continental Drift and Major Extinctions 8 Match the graph image with its corresponding type and common use. ● Flow diagram showing the direction or sequence of a process ● Scatter plot showing the relationship between two characteristics ● Line graph showing a trend relative to changes in time ● Histogram showing the frequency of characteristics across groups CONCEPT Graphic Literacy 9 Select the misleading graph. ● CONCEPT Graphs in Environmental Science 10 Choose the statement about human population growth that is NOT correct. ● There are two possible scenarios for future population growth. ● Innovation and technology may play a role in lessening the impact of future population growth. ● If population growth continues at its present rate, there will be 8.9 billion people on Earth by 2050. ● Approximately 72 million people are added to the planet each year. CONCEPT The Impact of Population Growth 11 Which of the following is a global sustainability issue that was NOT identified by the Brundtland Report in 1987? ● Pollution ● Epidemics ● Food security ● Overpopulation CONCEPT Sustainability 12 Choose the sentence that describes John Muir and his contributions to environmental awareness. ● He was the first environmentalist to call for sustainable use of resources. ● He was a writer who supported areas set aside for wildlife and had a great influence over modern-day environmentalism. ● He was a nature-centered environmentalist and the founder of the Sierra Club. ● He brought the negative effects of chemical use in agriculture to the public’s attention. CONCEPT Environmentalism 13 Which of the following is true about continental drift? ● Biodiversity is improved by the joining of continents, which decreases the amount of shoreline. ● Throughout the planet’s history, tectonic plates have remained in generally the same positions. ● Tectonic plates float on the molten core and are constantly in motion. ● The movement of tectonic plates is caused by earthquakes and volcanoes. CONCEPT Continental Drift and Major Extinctions 14 The Industrial Revolution was a factor in a global population explosion because as the population increased, cities and their infrastructures grew. Select one statement that is NOT a result of this change. ● Energy was more readily available in cities. ● Improved food production fed more people. ● New forms of transportation led to new mobility for citizens. ● Clean water became less accessible. CONCEPT Human Arrival and Expansion 15 Which statement about human population growth is FALSE? ● From 1350 AD to the present, the world has experienced continuous population growth. ● The world population doubled between 1959 and 1999. ● From 200,000 BC through 8,000 BC, the global population was low. ● The global population is expected to peak at 7 billion, then begin decreasing. CONCEPT Human Arrival and Expansion 16 Choose the statement that is most likely made by an environmentalist rather than by an environmental scientist. ● Coal-powered plants emit 40% of the United States’ total carbon dioxide and 50% of its particle pollution. ● The burning of fossil fuels causes more environmental damage than using renewable energy sources. ● Some renewable energy sources capture their energy from natural processes, such as wind, flowing water and the sun. ● Lessening our dependence on fossil fuels is the most important environmental issue facing the world today. CONCEPT Environmentalism 17 “Threats of an epidemic haunt citizens as the number of unvaccinated children continue to grow. People are frightened of the implications and angry that a few have placed so many at risk.” Choose the most likely source for this quotation. ● A politician, because the statements are general and may be biased ● The media, because the language is controversial and sensationalistic ● A scientist, because the language is non-technical so that others will understand ● A scientific journal, because it has been peer-reviewed and verified CONCEPT Scientific Literacy 18 Ecosystems provide many benefits to humans, which are termed "ecosystem services." Visiting the Grand Canyon on a school field trip is an example of a __________ service that ecosystems can provide. ● supporting ● provisioning ● cultural ● regulating CONCEPT Biodiversity 19 Choose the statement that does NOT accurately describe the environmental impacts of population growth. ● More energy is needed, which leads to over-reliance on freshwater systems, which leads to water pollution. ● More land is needed, which leads to habitat damage, which leads to loss of ecosystems. ● More energy is needed, which leads to burning of non-renewable natural resources, which leads to their depletion. ● More land is needed, which leads to deforestation, which leads to less oxygen in the atmosphere. CONCEPT The Impact of Population Growth 20 “All organisms share biological requirements for survival and well-being, and all should be respected equally.” The quotation represents a(n) __________ environmental ethical position. ● anthropocentric ● biocentric ● ecocentric ● ethnocentric CONCEPT Ethics and Stewardship 21 Choose the statement below that is NOT true about early Earth's atmosphere. ● The ozone layer was quite thick. ● There was no free oxygen. ● Both ammonia and methane were present. ● Conditions were favorable for forming chemical bonds. CONCEPT Earth's Formation 22 According to the one-year calendar model based on the Big Bang theory, life on the planet began in __________. ● September ● December ● January ● August CONCEPT Earth's Formation