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SENG 438 Software Testing, Reliability and Quality | Chapter 5A: White-box Testing Control-flow Coverage

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SENG 438 Software Testing, Reliability and Quality Chapter 5A: White-box Testing Control-flow Coverage Kangsoo Kim, PhD ([email protected]) Department of Electrical & Software Engineering Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary2 Contents • Preliminary: Control Flow Graph (CFG) • Control flow • Statement/Node/Line Coverage • Decision/Edge/Branch Coverage • Condition Coverage • Path Coverage • Cyclomatic complexity • Data flow • Coverage tools Our focus in this week Next week3 Review: Black- vs. White-box • Black-box testing • Testing, either functional or non-functional, without reference to the internal structure of the component or system • Synonyms: specification-based testing • White-box testing • Procedure to derive and/or select test cases based on an analysis of the internal structure of a component or system • Synonyms: structural, glass box, open box testing4 Review: Black- vs. White-box • Also known as structural testing, glass box or open box testing • A software testing technique in which explicit knowledge of the internal working of SUT is used to select tests, execute tests and collect test data • Unlike black box testing that is using the program specification to examine outputs, white box testing is based on specific knowledge of the source code to define the test cases and to examine outputs5 Review: Black- vs. White-box • How do black- and white-box testing relate to one another in real-world projects?Section 1: [Preliminary] Control Flow Graph (CFG)7 How to Represent Program Structure? Software structure can have 3 attributes: • Data structure: The organization of data itself independent of the program • Control-flow structure: Sequence of execution of instructions of the program (execution of code lines) • Data flow: Keeping track of data as it is created or handled by the program Static Dynamic8 Preliminary: Graph • Graphs are the most commonly used structure for white-box testing • A graph is • A set N of nodes, N is not empty • A set N 0 of initial nodes, N0 is not empty • A set N f of final nodes, Nf is not empty • A set E of edges, each edge from one node to another • ( ni , nj ), i is predecessor, j is successor • We usually intend to “cover” the graph equivalent to a program block through testing Introduction to Software Testing, © Ammann & Offu

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