Describe scissoring ans: a common characteristic of spastic cerebral palsy in infants; legs are extended and crossed over each other, feet are plantar flexed
What are two nursing priorities for a newborn with myelomin
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Describe scissoring ans: a common characteristic of spastic cerebral palsy in infants; legs are extended and crossed over each other, feet are plantar flexed
What are two nursing priorities for a newborn with myelominingocle? ans: prevention of infection of the sac and monitoring for hydrocephalus (measure head circumference, check fontanel, assess neurologic functioning)
List the signs and symptoms of increased ICP in older children ans: irritability
change in LOC
motor dysfunction
headache
vomiting
unequal pupil response
seizures
What teaching should parents of a newly shunted child receive? ans: information about signs of infection and increased ICP; understanding that shunt should not be pumped and that child will need revisions with growth; guidance concerning growth and development
State the three main gals in providing nursing care for a child experiencing a seizure ans: maintain patent airway, protect form injury and observe carefully
what are the side effects of Dilantin? ans: gingival hyperplasia
dermatitis
ataxia
GI distress
Describe the signs and symptoms of a child with meningitis ans: fever, irritability, vomiting, neck stiffness, opisthotonos, positive Kernig sign, positive brudzinski signs; infant may not show all
What antibiotics are usually prescribed for bacterial meningitis? ans: ampicilin, ceftriazzone, chloramphenicol
How is a child usually positioned after brain tumor surgery? ans: Flat or on either side
Described the function of an osmotic diuretic ans: osmotic diuretics remove water form the CNS to reduce cerebral edema
What nursing interventions increase intracranial pressure? ans: suctioning and positioning, turning
describe the mechanism of inheritance of Duchenne muscular dystrophy ans: duchenne muscular dystrophy is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait
What is the Gowers sign? ans: Gowers sign is an indicator of muscular dystrophy; to stand, the child has to "walk" hands up legs
compare the signs and symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) with those of nephrosis ans: AGN: gross hematuria, recent strep infection, hypertension and mild edema
Hephrosis: severe edema, massive protinuria, frothy-appearing urine, anorexia
What antecedent event occurs with AGN? ans: Beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection
Compare the dietary interventions for AGN and nephrosis ans: AGN: low sodium diet
nephrosis: high protein, low salt diet
what is the physiologic reason for the lab finding of hypoproteinemia in nephrosis? ans: hypoproteinemia occurs because the glomeruli are permeable to serum protieins
Describe safe monitoring of prednisone administration and withdrawal ans: long-term prednisone should be given every other day. Signs of edema, mood changes, and GI distress should be noted and reported. The drug should be tapered, no discontinued suddenly
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