DRILLING MACHINE – PARTS,
TYPES, OPERATIONS AND MORE
Last Updated on: May 12, 2021 by Saif M
In this article, you’ll learn about drilling machine, how does it work? Its parts, operations,
tools and types of drillin
...
DRILLING MACHINE – PARTS,
TYPES, OPERATIONS AND MORE
Last Updated on: May 12, 2021 by Saif M
In this article, you’ll learn about drilling machine, how does it work? Its parts, operations,
tools and types of drilling machine with PDF
Drilling Machine and Types
Contents [show]
The drilling machine is defined as a machine which is used to make a circular hole, a tool
used to drill the holes of different size and other related operations using a drill bit.
The drilling machine is one of the most important machines in a workshop. As regards its
importance it is second only to the lathe machines. Holes were drilled by the Egyptians in 1200
B.C. about 3000 years ago by bow drills. The bow drill is the mother of the present-day metal
cutting drilling machine.
In drilling machine holes may be drilled quickly and at a low cost. The hole is generated by the
rotating edge of a cutting tool known as the drill which applies a large force on the work
clamped on the table. As the machine uses vertical pressure to originate a hole it is loosely
called a “drill press”.
Parts of Drilling Machine:
Following are the main parts of drilling machine:
1. Base
2. Column
3. Table
4. Radial Arm
5. Drill head
6. Spindle speed and Feed mechanism.
Base
The base is that part of the machine on which the verticle column is mounted. The base is
made of casting. A base supports the column and worktable with other attachments.
The top of the base is round column section type upright drilling machined and has T-slots on it
so that large workpieces and work holding devices may be set up and bolted to it. The base of
the machine may be mounted on a bench or on the floor.
Column
The Column is the verticle member of the machine which supports the table and the head
containing all the driving mechanism. It is a cylindrical casting mounted vertically at one end of
the base and supports the radial arm, which slides up and down.
An electric motor at the top of the column helps in the vertical adjustment of the arm by rotating
a screw passing through a nut attached to the arm.
Table
The table is mounted on the column and is provided with T-slots for clamping the work directly
on its face. A table is round or rectangular in shape.
Radial Arm
It is mounted on the column and extends horizontally over the base. It has guideways on which
drill head slides. The radial arm moves around the column.
Drill head
It is mounted on the redial arm and drives the drill spindle. In some of the drill machines, the
drill head may be adjusted up or down for accommodating different heights of the work in
addition to the table adjustment.
It encloses all the mechanism for driving the drill at a different speed and feeds. In lighter
machines, the driving motor is mounted at the rear end of the head counterbalancing the
weight of the drill spindle.
Spindle speed and feed mechanism
The motor at the top of the drill head drives the horizontal spindle and the motion is transmitted
to the drill head through a group of bevel gears. With another group of gears, different spindle
speed and feed are obtained.
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