COMM 375 Exam 3
What are two defining characteristics of reality TV? - ✔✔Real people serve as
"characters" and the content is unscripted
What is audience activity? - ✔✔Represents how selective people are when they
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COMM 375 Exam 3
What are two defining characteristics of reality TV? - ✔✔Real people serve as
"characters" and the content is unscripted
What is audience activity? - ✔✔Represents how selective people are when they
approach media use and how involved they are with the content
How does audience activity function in uses and gratifications theory? - ✔✔Audiences
are active because they select media context that they believe will provide the
gratification that they are seeking.
What are the two general types of TV viewing identified by Rubin? - ✔✔Ritualistic
viewer (watches television out of habit to pass time; for companionship, relaxation,
arousal, and escape. Focuses more on using television as a medium and less on the
specific program content)
Instrumental viewing (reflects selective and purposive exposure to specific television
content. More active and involving viewing experience)
What two dominant aspects of reality TV are examined in this study? - ✔✔Real people
acting out their real lives encourages audience interest & identification
What are the four contexts included in Street's ecological model? - ✔✔Media Context
Organizational Context
Cultural Context
Political-legal Context
How have doctors generally been portrayed on TV? - ✔✔omnipotent healers who
represented the authority within the hospital
What is the definition of cultivation theory? - ✔✔Examines the long-term effects of
television
What is a major criticism of cultivation theory related to its approach to TV messages? -
✔✔Television messages are a cumulative masses with consistent story lines.
How did Quick seek to extend cultivation theory in his study? - ✔✔He looked at the
cultivation theory using one single show
What kind of effect did Quick find between viewing the show, perceptions of doctors'
courageousness, and perceived credibility of the show? - ✔✔IndirectWhat are the three challenges facing audience research today? - ✔✔Technological,
social/spatial and experimential
What are the three stages in the history of the audience developed by Abercrombie and
Longhurst? - ✔✔1) The 'simple audience' for theater and books before the media age
(classroom)
2) The 'mass audience' for the newspapers, radio, films and television of the late
nineteenth and early to mid twentieth centuries (movie theater... not live)
3) The contemporary 'diffused audience' that is almost permanently connected to one
electronic medium or another, across almost every activity of social and private life.
What is media culture? - ✔✔In which audience activity takes place and through which
its wider meanings are inscribed.
What is symbolic power? - ✔✔The capacity to intervene in the course of events, to
influence the actions of others and indeed to create events by means of the production
and transmission of symbolic form.
What are audiences looking for when they watch reality TV? - ✔✔Some sense of reality
of the social world. We what to think what we see is real.
What is the commodification of self? - ✔✔A willingness to offer a view of one's private
life in return for financial reward
What is a parasocial relationship? - ✔✔A set of feelings viewers develop toward media
characters that allow viewers to think and feel toward characters as if they know and
have a special connection with them.
Most common with celebrities, sports teams or television stars
What impact do parasocial relationships have on viewer's other relationships? -
✔✔Relationships with television characters do not replace relationships with friends, but
rather complement social relationships.
How do feelings develop in a parasocial relationship? - ✔✔Such relationships originate
from repeated viewing of characters that stimulate social interaction, and they develop
and strengthen over time
What is a parasocial breakup? - ✔✔A situation where a character with whom a viewer
has developed a PSR goes off air
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