6220 ADVANCED PATHO STUDY GUIDE FINAL
SPRING SEMTER 2020
INSTRUCTOR: DR. CHERYL TOULOUSE
SESSION 7: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Describe normal skin and its function
a. Skin is an organ
b. Three layers
i. Epidermis- comp
...
6220 ADVANCED PATHO STUDY GUIDE FINAL
SPRING SEMTER 2020
INSTRUCTOR: DR. CHERYL TOULOUSE
SESSION 7: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Describe normal skin and its function
a. Skin is an organ
b. Three layers
i. Epidermis- composed of keratinocytes and scattered melanocytes
1. Epidermis undergoes keratinization, second most important
protective mechanism
2. Epidermal cells produce keratins which are cytoskeletal
proteins that are highly resistant to mechanical and chemical
injury
a. The keratin layer represents the final stage of epidermal
cell differentiation
b. Varies in thickness on diff anatomic sites
c. Most prominent on the palms and soles
3. Keratinized epidermis provides limited protection against
sunlight by preventing the penetration of light through the skin
a. Keratinocytes are the principal cells of the
epidermis
i. They are aided by melanocytes, the
pigment-producing cells
1. Located in basal layer
2. Produce a brown pigment packed into
membrane-bound cytoplasmic
1
bodies(melanosomes) and transferred
through the cytoplasmic process into
keratinocytes
3. This transfer of pigment is was causes
browning of skin when exposed to
sunlight
b. Keratinocytes with melanin are more resistant to UV
light and protect the body against the sunlight more
efficiently than non pigmented keratinocytes
ii. Dermis-composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and
hair follicles, and skin adnexal glands, sebaceous glands (oil glandsconnected to hair follicles and secrete sebum made of fatty acids
and waxy esters, lubricates skin, softens hair shaft, and is slightly
acidic helps deter pathogens), sweat gland,
iii. Subcutis/hypodermis- composed of fat tissue
*Describe various skin infections* (on Final Study Guide)
1. Bacterial Infections
a. Impetigo
i. Caused by streptococcus pyogenes or staph. Aureus
ii. Most often found on face of small children- the mouth and nose
iii. Characterized by superficial pustules that rupture, leaving
honey-colored scabs
1. “Pustule”= vesicle filled with pus
2. Yellow-honey looking crusting blisters containing pus
3. Skin lesions are itchy
iv. Highly contagious; but responds w
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