CTS Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions

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CTS Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions • Analog to Digital Conversion: Sampling Rate ✔✔how many times a digital sample is taken of the analog sample, per second Ex. CD Sampling ra ... te = 44.1kHz Called Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) Determines digital signal's accuracy Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Thm ✔✔• Analog sig must be encoded at rate 2X or more than highest freq. of sample • Human hearing is up to 20kHz -> digital audio should be at least 40 kHz o Bit depth ✔✔Number of bits used to describe a sampled voltage level -> "quantization" Assigns quantity to the signal being measured Greater bit depth = more accurate rep of signal • i.e. if sig has on bit -> 0 or 1-> describes only two states, on or off • 2 bits= 4 states • CD has 16 bits -> 216 In video, bit depth is how many shades can be described o Bit Rate ✔✔Measures quantity of info over time in a dig. Signal stream Bits per second bps Higher bps = higher quality o Compression ✔✔Reducing file size to smaller, more manageable Remove unnecessary info In text files, spaces compressed without affecting words In videos, use codec for transfer • Usually 5:1 compression o Codec ✔✔Converts analog to dig for both audio and video Conserves bandwidth o 2 elements of digital file: ✔✔Container - structure of file where data is stored • Defines how data is arranged to inc. performance when codecs used • i.e. WMV Codec o Lossless compression ✔✔never loses quali [Show More]

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