HESI case studies- Diabetes Type 1
1.
What is the mechanism that results in Kussmaul respirations? - answer--To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respirations are deep and rapid.
[To compensate for ketoac
...
HESI case studies- Diabetes Type 1
1.
What is the mechanism that results in Kussmaul respirations? - answer--To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respirations are deep and rapid.
[To compensate for ketoacidosis/metabolic acidosis, the lungs attempt to remove CO2 through a pattern of deep, rapid respirations; Kussmaul Respirations.]2. To achieve the goal of restoring Lara's fluid volume, the nurse would expect to implement which intervention? - answer--Maintain an infusion of normal saline solution.
[The treatment of hyperglycemia includes fluid replacement to correct dehydration caused by the increased concentration of glucose in the blood. Isotonic solution, like normal saline, is initially used to treat the dehydration.]3. To restore Lara's blood glucose to a normal level, what should the nurse prepare to administer? - answer--An IV infusion containing regular insulin.
[Continuous IV infusions containing regular insulin are used to reduce the client's BG level. Laura's IV solution will be changed to one that contains glucose when her BG reaches 250 mg/dL]4. In addition to monitoring Lara's blood glucose level, what additional lab values should the nurse monitor carefully? - answer---Hemoglobin
-Calcium
-Potassium
-Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
[...Hgb levels may be altered depending on the state of hydration.
...Calcium is an important regulatory ion
...IV insulin treatment will allow glucose to enter the cells, taking potassium with it, causing a decreased serum potassium concentration.
...Dehydration from DKA can lead to an increased BUN. Renal values should be monitored for renal insufficieny]5. The nurse's decision about what to tell these callers should be based on what primary consideration? - answer--Lara's right to privacy regarding her health information.
[Clients have the right to privacy regarding their health information. They must give permission for the release of their health information.]6. Which response is best for the charge nurse to provide? - answer--"The lab values can be copied as long as there is no identifying client data."
[Information used for educational purposes may be used so long as the data does not permit identification of the client.]7. The nurse identifies that Lara has experienced classic symptoms of diabetes, which are: - answer--Polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia.
[Classic manifestations of diabetes mellitus.]8. How should the nurse respond? - answer--"The symptoms have an abrupt onset that is often brought on by a viral illness, like the flu."
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