ECE 271, Chapter 5 Reading Report
Quentin Onyemordi
May 27, 2020
1 Chapter 5 Outline
Chapter 5 builds more on building combinational and sequential circuits in a a broader
choice of elaborate blocks. The particular
...
ECE 271, Chapter 5 Reading Report
Quentin Onyemordi
May 27, 2020
1 Chapter 5 Outline
Chapter 5 builds more on building combinational and sequential circuits in a a broader
choice of elaborate blocks. The particular levels this entails include micro-architecture,
logic and digital circuits.
1. Introduction
The methods used up until this point for digital design have been boolean
equations, schematics and HDL’s respectively, although this chapter goes onto
explore even more intricate building blocks for digital design that can create more
structure and ease to the design of particular projects. Many of the building
blocks expanded on in this chapter are what are actually implemented in
microprocessors. What also goes along with these building blocks is the fact that
they are great examples of the previously referenced topics from chapter 1 which
include hierarchy, modularity and regularity.
2. Arithmetic Circuits
Arithmetic circuits are commonly acknowledged as a key building block of the
modern computer. Arithmetic functions that these circuits are useful for adding,
subtracting, dividing, multiplication. As we have learned in the last chapter the use of
HDL’s allow us to represent these functions via hardware implementation. One often
recurring operation is the use of addition in digital circuit systems. Some of the blocks
used to implement addition are topics we have already discussed such as half adders,
full adders, and ripple carry adders. Although there are also other systems that can be
used for adding like carry propagate adder which has its name stemming from the way it
is designed. The carry out of one bit propagates into a consecutive bit. Another new
type of bit that can maximize the speed of addition and implements faster than the ripple
carry adder is the carry-lookahead adder. This adder is faster because it resolves the
problem of having to propagate through each individual bit. The work around for this
problem is by dividing the adder into separate sections allowing for the carryout to be
determined nearly as soon as the carry in. Subtraction is also a commonly utilized
circuit that has fundamental building blocks necessary for computers and
microprocessors. Subtraction is a new process we have just discovered which is easy to
implement once addition is understood. All that needs to be done is flipping the sign of
the secondary number which would create addition. In binary this process is done by
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