Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding
primary bond
For example, materials having large bonding energies typically also have high melt- ing temperatures; at room temperature, solid substances are formed for large bon
...
Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding
primary bond
For example, materials having large bonding energies typically also have high melt- ing temperatures; at room temperature, solid substances are formed for large bonding energies,
whereas for small energies, the gaseous state is favored; liquids prevail when the energies
are of intermediate magnitude. In addition, as discussed in Section 6.3, the mechanical stifness (or modulus of elasticity) of a material is dependent on the shape of its force–versus–interatomic separation curve (Figure 6.7). The slope for a relatively stif material at the r = r0
position on the curve will be quite steep; slopes are shallower for more flexible materials.
Furthermore, how much a material expands upon heating or contracts upon cooling (i.e., its
linear coefficient of thermal expansion) is related to the shape of its E–versus–r curve (see
Section 19.3). A deep and narrow “trough,” which typically occurs for materials having large
bonding energies, normally correlates with...........................................................................................................
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