Influential_Anthropologists

Anthropologist Field of Study Contribution/Question Source in APA format Jane Goodall Physical Anthropology Primatology She discovered that chimpanzees have a social and family hierarchy. The things that make us hum ...

Anthropologist Field of Study Contribution/Question Source in APA format Jane Goodall Physical Anthropology Primatology She discovered that chimpanzees have a social and family hierarchy. The things that make us human are found in other species, too. What can chimpanzees teach us about how wars start? Edward Sapir Anthropology (about human linguistic and cultural expression) The Editors of EncyclopaediaBritannica. (2021, January 31). ​Edward Sapir | Biography, Linguistics, & Facts​. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/EdwardSapir Yale University. (2019, March 2). ​Edward Sapir ​. Linguistics. https://ling.yale.edu/about/history/people/edwar d-sapirA: The geographic regions in the world consist of different cultures and societies in which people operate in. Some accents can come along by being lazy or fancy, and some come along by being more rugged. For example, the terrain can alter people's mindsets to have distinct accents; a person who lives in peace in a flat green area, compared to someone who lives in a dark cave who fights daily, will have different approaches to the accent, especially beginning of times. Margaret Mead Social/Sociocultural Anthropologist She made contributions by talking about social issues such as race, women's rights and environmental issues. This helped her stand out in her career; she helped impact anthropology with her research type, leaving a legacy. Q: What kinds of ethnic conflicts arise in primitive cultures? A: Since it's primitive, many things can arise, such as gender inequality and even race inequality. Because if we look at history, primitive people didn't treat each other well compared History.com Editors. (2010, May 05). Margaret Mead. Retrieved from https://www.history.com/topics/womens-history /margaret-meadto now, because we have strict laws placed although there is room for improvement. Some primitive people judged people based on how they looked or would give a race a lousy label because one person did them wrong, which is absurd. Claude Levi-Strauss Structuralism/Social Anthropologist Claude Levi introduced the theory of structuralism. He used his ideas to do research on subjects such as media, religion and cultures. Q: According to this theory, if all cultures are built on the same foundation, why is there ethnic conflict in the world? A: Although some cultures do have similar foundations, that doesn't always mean they will turn out like each other. For example, if you were to build two houses, you would dig a hole, pour in the concrete for your foundation, and do it. Then comes the designing/framing part, which won't be the same because one family wants their house to look modern the other wants it to look Claude Levi-Strauss: biography. theory & structuralism. (2019. march 20). study.com. retrieved from ​https:i/study.com,academy/lesson, claude-levi-strauss-biography-theory-structurali sm.htmlmore farm-like. Now think as if these two families and how they tried to change and have their way, most cultures did. Had the same foundation didn't preferred others, and then when you let an ideology grow, little things will be added to either make it strict or less strict about matching up with my example; you can call this a renovation. Marcel Mauss Social/sociocultural anthropologist Marcel contributed lots in anthropology especially ethology, he theorized that gifts can not only act as objects but also a way to gain a moral connection. Q: Why do you feel it's important to observe members of a particular culture rather than gathering information through interviews. A: Sometimes interviews can come off as to “on the spot” which means that people in the interview could be focused on something else instead of the subject. It's always better to experience the culture first hand, because that helps you truly understand it. Interviewing someone can cause biases especially if you Marcel Mauss. (2021, February 06). Retrieved From https://www.britannica.com/ biography/ Marcel-Naussonly interview one or two people. Louis leakey Physical anthropologist Louis and his team found remains of Proconsul africanus, he had also discovered a homo Erectus skull later theorizing homo habilis. Q: If we are all related, why don't we look the same? A: Humans operate on lots of different types of terrain, cold weather, snowy weather, or even hot and try weather that physically affects us. Gradually our body adapts to these kinds of things, and they also adapt when you don't use something that's part of your body. Although our body structures are the same, for most cases, skin colour can be affected by the sun, causing you to be darker. Louis Leakey. (2020, September 03). Retrieved February 19, 2021, from https://www.biography.com/scientist/louis-leake y Louis Leakey. (n.d.). ​Retrieved February 19, 2021, Raymond A. Dart Physical anthropologist Dart recognized that the Taung skulls had humanlike features; he claimed that if creatures have an ape-sized brain, they could have humanlike characteristics such as dental and posture. Q: What makes the taung skull and the human skull so alike? Britannica, T. Editors Of Encyclopedia ( 2021, January 21.) Raymond A. Dart. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from