NR 602 Midterm Study Guide
Signs of preg. (presumptive, probable, (+)) Presumptive Signs: least obj. or subj. signs;can also be caused by many other conditions
Presumptive signs include:
• Amenorrhea:
o Highly sugg
...
NR 602 Midterm Study Guide
Signs of preg. (presumptive, probable, (+)) Presumptive Signs: least obj. or subj. signs;can also be caused by many other conditions
Presumptive signs include:
• Amenorrhea:
o Highly suggestive of preg. in a healthy fem w/ regular & predictable period. Difficult to determine in a fem w/ irregular periods or in those who do not keep track of their menstrual cycles
• Nausea & vomiting:
o Common symptom (~50% of pregnancies) typically occurring between 2- 16 wks. gest
• Breast engorgement & darkening of areolas:
o Occurs as early as 6-8 wks. gest
• Breast tenderness
• Fatigue
• Urinary Frequency
• Slight increase in body temperature:
o Rise in temp. coincides w/ luteal phase & is the result of progesterone
• “Quickening”:
o Mother feels baby’s movements for 1st time; starts @ 16 wks.
Probable Signs: a high likelihood of preg. but there are still other conditions that may cause the findings. Preg. tests are considered probable because β-hCG also presents in molar pregnancies & ovarian cancer
Probable signs include:
• Goodell’s sign:
o Cervical softening (around 4 wks.)
• Chadwick’s sign:
o Blueish coloration of the vagina & cervix (6-8 wks.)
• Enlarged uterus
• (+) urine or blood preg. test (β-hCG)
[+] Signs of Preg.: The most reliable & most obj. signs of (+) preg. are those where the provider can confirm the presence of a fetus
(+) signs include:
o Palpation of the fetus by HCP
o US & visualization of the fetus
o Fetal Heart Tones auscultated by the HCP
Preg. & fundal height measurement
Schuiling, pg. 774 & Wk. 1
Lecture 12 wks. gestation:
• the fundus is located @ the level of the symphysis pubis.
16 wks. gestation:
• fundus rises to midway between symphysis pubis & the umbilicus
20 wks. gestation:
• the fundus is typically @ the same height as the umbilicus
>20 wks. gestation: the fundus enlarges approx. 1cm/wk. As the time for birth approaches, the fundal height drops slightly.
• This process, which is commonly called lightening, occurs for a woman who is a primigravida around 38 weeks’ gestation but may not occur for the woman who is a multigravida until she goes into labor
25-35 wks. gestation: Measure the distance between the upper edge of pubic symphysis & the top of the uterine fundus w/ a tape measure. Fundal height in centimeters equals the number of gestational weeks (+/- 2cm). For example, a 28- wk. gestation fetus should have a fundal height that measures between 26 & 30cm.
[Show More]
.png)
